Sex and Culture Differences in Perceptions of Estimated Multiple Intelligence for Self and Family

Abstract

In all, 212 British and 154 Iranian students estimated their own, their parents’, and their siblings’scores on the Gardner (1983) seven multiple intelligences. Men tended to rate their own mathematical and spatial intelligence higher than did women. Iranian students thought they themselves had lower mathematical but higher spatial, musical, and intrapersonal intelligence compared with British students The Iranians rated their fathers’ mathematical and spatial IQs lower but their interpersonal and intrapersonal IQs higher than did British students. The Iranians rated their mothers’ IQs significantly lower than did the British on six of the seven scales. Results for siblings showed far fewer gender and interaction effects but many effects of culture, particularly for first brothers. Iranians rated the intelligence of their first brothers higher than did the British on six of the seven scales. Iranians tended to be more in favor of tests and more willing to acknowledge race and gender differences.

Hubris and Humility Effect and the Domain-Masculine Intelligence Type in Two Countries: Colombia and the UK

“…Moreover, age influenced DMIQ estimates in both samples, further confirming existing literature (Beier & Ackerman, 2001, 2002Rammstedt & Rammsayer, 2002b). The results also revealed that British females, but not males, perceived DMIQ as masculine, replicating other studies and confirming the assertion of male-normativeness of intelligence (cf.…”

Estimating One's Own and One's Relatives' Multiple Intelligence: A Study from Argentina

“…The data from Furnham, Shahidi, and Baluch (2002) were used. The British sample had 185 participants of which 129 were female and they were of a comparable age spread and educational level to the Argentinean sample (see Table 5).…”

How Youth in India and Lebanon Rate their Intelligence

“…Only one study could be traced that compared the Middle Eastern and Western societies on estimates of intelligence. Significant differences in self-estimates of intelligence between British and Iranian students found that British students had higher estimates on the mathematical component but lower than Iranians on their spatial, musical and intrapersonal components [8] . In view of the cultural differences in sex role behavior and the Western cultural influence in the East, it is suggested that estimates of intelligence in non-Western societies have greater propensity to yield lower self-estimates and greater differences favoring males over females.…”

“…The general "g" measure score has been generally higher than scores obtained using Gardner's multiple intelligences. While the former includes kinesthetic or musical abilities which tend to increase intelligence in developed nations; however, in transition countries where basic educational resources are scarce, these types of abilities may act as source of lower estimates of multiple intelligences [8] . In addition, it is argued that the higher the cognitive components of verbal and logical ability among males could be attributable to the lower female score which increases the overall aggregate score on general intelligences [9,10] .…”

“…Furnham [37] and Furnham et al [8] suggest that the estimates of intelligence have become a key issue in educational assessment because of the rise of the educational attainment levels of these nations. In other words, children and youth are in much greater ratios to receive education substantially different than their illiterate parents and those younger groups would selfestimate their intelligence higher than their parents or grandparents.…”