“…Nine types of minutiae bifurcation, convergent, ridge ending, ridge enclosure (small), ridge enclosure (big), ridge fragment (small), ridge fragment (big), ridge dot between the ridges and dot within the ridges as defined by previous workers (Gutierrez-Redomero et al 2007;Adamu et al 2017) were narrowed to five types, ridge bifurcation (bifurcation& convergence), ridge ending, ridge enclosure (small & big), short ridge (small and big fragments), ridge dot (dot between or within the ridges).The selection of five minutiae types in this study was based on their distinctive characteristics and they are frequently encountered in comparison of fingerprints by forensic expert (Fournier and Ross 2016).…”