Severity of the COVID‐19 pandemic in India

Imai, Katsushi S.; Kaicker, Nidhi; Gaiha, Raghav

doi:10.1111/rode.12779

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…We also control the educational status as the percentage out of school between 6 and 15 years in Indian states for 2017–18. The per capita income is one of the crucial determinants of the Covid-19 severity in Indian states (Imai et al. , 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of these existing studies on India are focused on the status of Covid-19 (Bag et al, 2020;Philip et al, 2021) and its transmission across the states (Bherwani et al, 2021;Imai et al, 2021). On the economic front, a few other studies assess the macroeconomic impact of the pandemic (Ray and Subramanian, 2020;Goswami et al, 2021), while others look at the Indian labor market condition during the ongoing pandemic (Bhatt et al, 2021;Rajan et al, 2020;Kesar et al, 2021).…”

Section: Comprehensive Labor Measures 1417mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also control the educational status as the percentage out of school between 6 and 15 years in Indian states for 2017-18. The per capita income is one of the crucial determinants of the Covid-19 severity in Indian states (Imai et al, 2021). Thus, we control the per capita state's gross domestic product (GDP) for 2017-18 as an indicator of the economic activity of the state.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do comprehensive labor measures reduce the severity of the pandemic? Evidence from India

Kujur

Goswami

2022

IJSE

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PurposeAs a developing country, India initiated several labor measures to contain the Covid-19 pandemic. This study analyzes the impact of the Covid-19-induced comprehensive labor measures by Indian states on the Case Fatality Ratios and Recovery Rates. Such an analysis will provide deeper insights into the importance of labor measures during a health emergency. It will also be a reality check to the existing National Health Policy.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines the four major aspects of labor measures on migration, social security, state-specific needs and health and human rights. The authors use these to formulate a composite labor measure index to comprehend the Covid-19-induced various labor measures. Additionally, the authors apply pooled ordinary least squares and panel random-effects models with the state-wise monthly data to examine the impact of Covid-19-induced labor measures on the severity of the pandemic.FindingsCovid-19-induced comprehensive labor measures reduce fatalities and increase recovery rates. In particular, the measures on labor migration, state-specific needs and health and human rights adopted by the Indian states successfully reduce the Covid-19 fatalities and improve the recovery rates. However, the measures taken to address social security have been ineffective in reducing the severity of the pandemic. The study results are robust to various other specifications.Research limitations/implicationsThe time period covered in this research is very brief and does not account for the qualitative impact of labor measures on the severity of the pandemic. This study specifically addresses the number of Covid-19-induced labor measures and not the resources allocated to their implementations or the number of people who benefited from the measures.Practical implicationsThis study emphasizes the need for subnational comprehensive labor measures to reduce the severity of the pandemic in developing countries. The study confirms the need for effective Covid-19-induced social security measures to cope with the pandemic in India. This study also ascertains the beneficial impact of the measures on migration, state-specific needs and health and human rights.Originality/valueThe authors make a composite labor measure index that captures state-level Covid-19-induced labor measures on diverse aspects, namely migration, social security, state-specific need and health and human rights, hitherto unexplored. In addition, the authors analyze the impact of these labor measures on the severity of the pandemic.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comprehensive Labor Measures 1417mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do comprehensive labor measures reduce the severity of the pandemic? Evidence from India

Kujur

Goswami

2022

IJSE

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“…12 The number of positive cases crossed 10.6 million in January 2021, 13 and a devastating second wave followed the first wave. Recent work indicates that the effect of COVID‐19 in India shows significant interstate heterogeneity, and the factors explaining this include income, gender, multi‐morbidity, urbanization, lockdown and unlock phases, weather including temperature and rainfall, and the retail price of wheat (Imai et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Institutional Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemics and technology engagement: New evidence from m‐Health intervention during COVID‐19 in India

Rathi

Chakrabarti

Chatterjee

et al. 2022

Review Development Economics

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Information provision for social welfare via cheap technological media is now a widely available tool used by policymakers. Often, however, an ample supply of information does not translate into high consumption of information due to various frictions in demand, possibly stemming from the pecuniary and non‐pecuniary cost of engagement, along with institutional factors. We test this hypothesis in the Indian context using a unique data set comprising 2 million call records of enrolled users of ARMMAN, a Mumbai‐based nongovernmental organization that sends timely informational calls to mobile phones of less‐privileged pregnant women. The strict lockdown induced by COVID‐19 in India was an unexpected shock on engagement with m‐Health technology, in terms of both reductions in market wages and increased time availability at home. Using a difference‐in‐differences design on unique calls tracked at the user‐time level with fine‐grained time‐stamps on calls, we find that during the lockdown period, the call durations increased by 1.53 percentage points. However, technology engagement behavior exhibited demographic heterogeneity increasing relatively after the lockdown for women who had to borrow the phones vis‐à‐vis phone owners, for those enrolled in direct outreach programs vis‐à‐vis self‐registered women, and for those who belonged to the low‐income group vis‐à‐vis high‐income group. These findings are robust with coarsened exact matching and with a placebo test for a 2017–2018 sample. Our results have policy implications around demand‐side frictions for technology engagement in developing economies and maternal health.

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic has directed attention to the role and diverse capacities of national state institutions (e.g., Ang 2020;Fukuyama 2020;Gisselquist and Vaccaro 2021;Mao 2021;Patterson and Balogun 2021). Less research attention has been paid in this body of work to the role of the state at the sub-national level, with some key exceptions (e.g., Basu and Mazumder 2021;Imai et al 2021;Kujur and Goswami 2020). However, as Gisselquist and Vaccaro (2021) note, in many countries sub-national state institutions play decisive roles and have significant independent influence on pandemic response and outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The social foundations of (in)effective states: Uttar Pradesh's response to the COVID-19 pandemic

Roy¹

2022

WIDER Working Paper

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Severity of the COVID‐19 pandemic in India

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Do comprehensive labor measures reduce the severity of the pandemic? Evidence from India

Do comprehensive labor measures reduce the severity of the pandemic? Evidence from India

Pandemics and technology engagement: New evidence from m‐Health intervention during COVID‐19 in India

The social foundations of (in)effective states: Uttar Pradesh's response to the COVID-19 pandemic

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