Severity of Septoria Leaf Spot and Sunflower Yield Due to Leaf Wetness Duration

Brand, Silvane Isabel; Heldwein, Arno Bernardo; Radons, Sidinei Zwick; Silva, Jocélia Rosa da; Puhl, Andressa Janaína

doi:10.5539/jas.v10n10p178

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

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“…Ô³òîïàòîëîãè òà ñåëåêö³îíåðè ïðèä³ëÿþòü éîìó òàêó ae óâàãó, ÿê ³ðae³ òà áîðîøíèñò³é ðîñ³. Íåçâàaeàþ÷è íà øèðîêó ïîøèðåí³ñòü ïàòîãåíó íà ñîíÿøíèêó â óñüîìó ñâ³-ò³, ñò³éêèõ çðàçê³â ñîíÿøíèêó äî çáóäíèêà S. helianth³ íåìàº [6].…”

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Inheritance peculiarities of resistance to Septoria leaf spot on sunflower in F1 hybrids

Levytska

Lyakh

2022

qpp

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Goal. To find out the peculiarities of inheritance of the resistance level to Septoria leaf spot by sunflower hybrids of the first generation obtained from crossing the lines with different disease resistance. Methods. Field assessment of resistance to pathogen of sunflower breeding lines and F1 hybrids obtained from crossing the lines. Results. Differences in Septoria leaf spot resistance in sunflower breeding lines on a stationary infectious background were found. Among the lines, the most affected by Septoria leaf spot was the line ZL58A and had from 88.8% to 97.9% of plants with symptoms of the disease. ZL70A and ZL78A lines were significantly less affected by desease than the previous line. Healthy plants for two years of research in these samples were from 73.3% to 87.5%. The HAR7 line was close to the previous two lines, the number of diseased plants varied in different years from 16.7% to 40%, and without lesions from 60% to 83.3%. This line had some differences in the intensity of the disease during the two experimental years. As a result of the study, it was found that the hybrid ZL58A × HAR7 was most affected by Septoria leaf spot. The number of affected plants in both years of research ranged from 80.8% to 90.3%. This sample was susceptible to the disease, as well as the maternal line ZL58A. Hybrids of the first generation of the combinations ZL70A × HAR7 and ZL78A × HAR7 were the least affected. In two years of research, these hybrids had between 60% and 79% of healthy plants and 21% to 40% with symptoms of the disease, respectively. These hybrids are relatively resistant to the disease, as well as their maternal and paternal components. Conclusions. The type of inheritance of resistance to Septoria leaf spot by sunflower hybrids is revealed implies the presence of cytoplasmic effects or control of this trait by nuclear genes where susceptibility to the disease is the dominant feature and resistance is recessive.

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Inheritance peculiarities of resistance to Septoria leaf spot on sunflower in F1 hybrids

Levytska

Lyakh

2022

qpp

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Effect of Alternaria and Septoria spot on sunflower yield

et al. 2020

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Evaluation of Septoria leaf spot (Septoria helianthi) alone and in combination with other foliar fungal spots on sunflower

Levitskaya

Soroka

Lyakh

2022

Helia

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In recent years, Septoria leaf spot has taken a strong place in the list of economically important diseases of sunflower. It may be a favorable factor for the development of other diseases on sunflower plants too. The aim of the research was to evaluate the frequency and degree of infection of sunflower plants with Septoria helianthi as well as possibility of simultaneous infection with this pathogen and other fungi which cause foliar spots, such as downy mildew, Alternaria leaf spot and Phoma black stem under conditions of stationary infectious nursery. The year 2021 turned out to be extremely favorable for the development of fungal leaf spots on sunflower. Assessment of fungal diseases of sunflower plants was performed in F2 families obtained after crossing ZL22A, ZL58A, ZL70A, ZL78A, and ZL169A lines of Zaporozhye breeding (Ukraine) with HAR7 line (originating from the USA). Each F2 family (sample) was obtained from self-pollination of one F1 plant with varying severity of Septoria disease. It was found that in the conditions of 2021, sunflower was quite affected by Septoria disease. The percentage of injured plants in F2 samples ranged from 41.0 to 100.0%. The severity of disease was different. Less resistant genotypes included plants with lesions on sunflower leaves of lower, middle, and upper tiers in approximately equal numbers, while more resistant genotypes had almost no plants with injured leaves of upper tiers. It was established that the development of Phoma disease occurred both on plants with Septoria leaf spot and on healthy plants. On average, among the plants infected with Phoma macdonaldii, the proportion of plants jointly affected by Phoma and Septoria diseases was 2/3. However, the frequency of simultaneous infection of plants with S. helianthi and P. macdonaldii in genotypes with different resistance to Septoria leaf spot differed significantly and ranged from 80% in less resistant to 40% in more resistant accessions. Most plants (about 90%) infected with Plasmopara halstedii were simultaneously infected with S. helianthi. That is, both of these pathogens can simultaneously develop on the same plant and lead to a decline in its basic physiological functions. The rate of simultaneous damage of sunflower by Alternaria and Septoria was quite low compared to plant damage by Alternaria alone and was less than 30%. This may mean that the pathogen of Alternaria leaf spot avoids plants with existing S. helianthi fungus.

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Severity of Septoria Leaf Spot and Sunflower Yield Due to Leaf Wetness Duration

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Inheritance peculiarities of resistance to Septoria leaf spot on sunflower in F1 hybrids

Inheritance peculiarities of resistance to Septoria leaf spot on sunflower in F1 hybrids

Effect of Alternaria and Septoria spot on sunflower yield

Evaluation of Septoria leaf spot (Septoria helianthi) alone and in combination with other foliar fungal spots on sunflower

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