Severity of injuries in different modes of transport, expressed with disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)

Tainio, Marko; Olkowicz, Dorota; Teresiński, Grzegorz; Nazelle, Audrey de; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-765

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A road traffic collission that occurred in thecross-city or rural environment is more likely to be severe than collissions that happened in urban areas, AOR 1.95 (95% CI; 1.18–3.24) (Table 6). This finding is consistent with the study conducted in Sweden [37]. This might be attributed to excessive speeding, low traffic police presence, inadequacy or absence of emergency medical services, and greater distance to hospitals in the rural areas [7].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Injury severity levels and associated factors among road traffic collision victims referred to emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: the study based on the Haddon matrix

2019

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BackgroundGlobally, about 1.25 million people die annually from road trafficcollisions. Evidence from global safety report shows a decreasing trend of road traffic injury indeveloped countries while there is an increasing trend in many developing countriesincluding Ethiopia. This study is aimed at assessing factors affecting injury severity levels of road traffic collision victims referred to selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa based on the Haddon Matrix.MethodsAhospital-based cross-sectional study designwas implemented to randomly select a total of 363 road traffic collision victims. The collected data was cleaned andentered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 21 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logisticregression models were used to examine the association between explanatory and outcome variables.ResultsA total of 363 individual sustained road traffic injuries were included to the study. Theprevalence of severe injury among road traffic accident victims was 36.4%. The following variables were significantly associated with increased injury severity: motorbike rider or motorbike passenger without helmet, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.7(95% CI: 1.04–21.09); driving under the influence of alcohol, crude odds ratio (COR) 2.64(95% CI;1.23–5.64); victim with multiple injuries, AOR 3.88(95% CI: 2.26–6.65); vehicle size, AOR 2.14(95% CI: 1.01–4.52); collision in dark lighting condition, AOR 1.93(95% CI: 1.01–3.65); collision in cross city/rural, AOR 1.95(95% CI: 1.18–3.24) and vehicle occupant travelling unrestrained on the back of a truck, AOR3.9 (95% CI: 1.18–12.080). On the other hand, victims extricated at the scene by health care professional, AOR 0.33(95% CI: 0.13–0.83); victims extricated at the scene by police AOR 0.47(95% CI: 0.24–0.94); strict traffic police control at the scene of the collision, AOR 0.49(95% CI: 0.27–0.88) were significantly associated with less severe injuries.ConclusionsFindings reported in this paper suggest the need forimmediate and pragmatic steps to be taken to curb the unnecessary loss of livesoccurring on the roads. In particular, there is urgent need to introduce road safety interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Injury severity levels and associated factors among road traffic collision victims referred to emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: the study based on the Haddon matrix

2019

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“… 9 The remaining life expectancy was used according to the Coale and Demeny West level 26 life table. 10 In addition, the calculation was performed using the formal WHO time discounting ( r = 0.03) and age weighting ( β = 0.04, K = 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road traffic deaths in Kashan region, Iran: An eight-year study (2006–2013)

Mahdian¹,

Sehat²,

Fazel³

et al. 2018

Chinese Journal of Traumatology

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PurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze the trend of road traffic fatalities in Kashan Region, Iran, in a period of eight years.MethodsThrough a cross-sectional study, all road traffic deaths classified under the V01—V99 codes according to ICD-10 in Kashan region, central Iran, from March 2006 to March 2013 and population data were collected from the registration system of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Years of lost life (YLL) and mortality rates were calculated regarding age, gender and year of the accident. Generalized linear model (GLM) with Poisson log-linear link was used to evaluate the effects of the mentioned variables on mortality rate.ResultsDuring the period of the study (8 years), 928 people (767 men) died due to road traffic injuries (RTIs). The total YLL was 20,818. The mortality rate due to RTIs has been declined constantly from 43.1 in March 2006 to 21.1 per 100,000 in March 2013. The highest mortality rate was found in the age group of over 60 years old and the lowest in the age group of 0–14 years old. Both mortality rate and YLL was greater in men than in women. Poisson regression showed that age, gender and year of the accidents had a significant effect on mortality rate (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough there has been a constant decline of mortality rate in Kashan area within the study period, the value remains higher than the mean level of Eastern Mediterranean region and the global average, which is a notable fact for policymakers and authorities.

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“…A number of parameters used came from high-income settings or populations, including the relation between daily and weekly travel behaviour for walking and cycling, the average YLD for lifelong and temporal road injuries ( Tainio et al, 2014 ), the mode-specific ventilation rates, and most of the relative risks used for the physical activity pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health impact modelling of different travel patterns on physical activity, air pollution and road injuries for São Paulo, Brazil

Sá

Tainio

Goodman

et al. 2017

Environment International

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BackgroundSão Paulo city, Brazil, faces challenges caused by rapid urbanization. We illustrate how future travel patterns could lead to different health consequences in the city.MethodsWe evaluated the health impacts of different travel pattern scenarios for the São Paulo adult population by comparing the travel patterns of São Paulo in 2012 with counterfactual scenarios in which the city adopted travel patterns of i) those living in the city's expanded centre; ii) London (2012); iii) a highly motorized São Paulo (SP California); and iv) a visionary São Paulo (SP 2040), with high levels of walking and cycling and low levels of car and motorcycle use. For each scenario we estimated changes in exposure to air pollution, road injury risk, and physical activity. Health outcomes were estimated using disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and premature deaths averted. Sensitivity analyses were performed to identify the main sources of uncertainty.ResultsWe found considerable health gains in the SP 2040 scenario (total 63.6 k DALYs avoided), with 4.7% of premature deaths from ischemic heart disease avoided from increases in physical activity alone. Conversely, we found substantial health losses in the scenario favouring private transport (SP California, total increase of 54.9 k DALYs), with an increase in road traffic deaths and injuries among pedestrians and motorized vehicles. Parameters related to air pollution had the largest impact on uncertainty.ConclusionsShifting travel patterns towards more sustainable transport can provide major health benefits in São Paulo. Reducing the uncertainties in the findings should be a priority for empirical and modelling research on the health impacts of such shifts.

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Severity of injuries in different modes of transport, expressed with disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Injury severity levels and associated factors among road traffic collision victims referred to emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: the study based on the Haddon matrix

Injury severity levels and associated factors among road traffic collision victims referred to emergency departments of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: the study based on the Haddon matrix

Road traffic deaths in Kashan region, Iran: An eight-year study (2006–2013)

Health impact modelling of different travel patterns on physical activity, air pollution and road injuries for São Paulo, Brazil

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