Severity of drug resistance and co-existence of Enterococcus faecalis in diabetic foot ulcer infections

Shettigar, Kavitha; Bhat, Deepika; Satyamoorthy, Kapaettu; Murali, Thokur Sreepathy

doi:10.1007/s12223-017-0547-2

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…All of the studied isolates were also negative for aph(2′′)-Ib, aph(2′′)-Ic, aph(2′′)-Id, and ant(4′)-Ia genes amplification. Absence of the aph(2′′)-Ib, aph(2′′)-Ic, and aph(2′′)-Id genes in E. faecalis strains was shown in several studies [34][35][36][37]. They are minor contributors to gentamicin resistance among Enterococcus strains [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High prevalence of vancomycin and high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis isolates

Taji

Heidari

Ebrahim‐Saraie

et al. 2018

AMicr

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Multiple drug-resistant enterococci are major cause of healthcare-associated infections due to their antibiotic resistance traits. Among them, Enterococcus faecalis is an important opportunistic pathogen causing various hospital-acquired infections. A total of 53 E. faecalis isolates were obtained from various infections. They were identified by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Determination of antimicrobial resistance patterns was done according to CLSI guidelines. The isolates that were non-susceptible to at least one agent in ≥3 antimicrobial categories were defined as multidrug-resistant (MDR). Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes was performed using standard procedures. According to MDR definition, all of the isolates were MDR (100%). High-level gentamicin resistance was observed among 50.9% of them (MIC ≥ 500 μg/ml). The distributions of aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′′)-Ia and aph(3′)-IIIa genes were 47.2% and 69.8%, respectively. The aph(2′′)-Ib, aph(2′′)-Ic, aph(2′′)-Id, and ant(4′)-Ia genes were not detected. Vancomycin resistance was found in 45.3% of strains. The vanA gene was detected in 37.7% of isolates, whereas vanB and vanC 1 genes were not observed in any strain. Erythromycin resistance rate was 79.2% and the frequencies of ermB and ermC genes were 88.6% and 69.8%, respectively. The ermA and msrA genes were not present in any of the isolates. Our data indicate a high rate of MDR E. faecalis strains. All of high-level gentamicin-resistant isolates carried at least one of aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′′)-Ia or aph(3′)-IIIa genes. Distribution of vanA was notable among the isolates. In addition, ermB and ermC were accountable for resistance to erythromycin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

High prevalence of vancomycin and high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis isolates

Taji

Heidari

Ebrahim‐Saraie

et al. 2018

AMicr

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“…These biofilms are commonly resistant to topical and systemic antibiotics, which reduces the effectiveness of the antimicrobial treatment. For instance, Shettigar et al found the authors showed that 60% of the DFU samples investigated were infected with polymicrobial biofilms, in which the isolated E. faecalis showed higher resistance to antibiotics than non-biofilm grown cells (213). Furthermore, bacteria within biofilms produce several protective components.…”

Section: Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm-Innate Immune Interface: Contribution to Chronic Wound Formation

et al. 2021

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Delayed wound healing can cause significant issues for immobile and ageing individuals as well as those living with co-morbid conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. These delays increase a patient’s risk for infection and, in severe cases, can result in the formation of chronic, non-healing ulcers (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers, surgical site infections, pressure ulcers and venous leg ulcers). Chronic wounds are very difficult and expensive to treat and there is an urgent need to develop more effective therapeutics that restore healing processes. Sustained innate immune activation and inflammation are common features observed across most chronic wound types. However, the factors driving this activation remain incompletely understood. Emerging evidence suggests that the composition and structure of the wound microbiome may play a central role in driving this dysregulated activation but the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these processes require further investigation. In this review, we will discuss the current literature on: 1) how bacterial populations and biofilms contribute to chronic wound formation, 2) the role of bacteria and biofilms in driving dysfunctional innate immune responses in chronic wounds, and 3) therapeutics currently available (or underdevelopment) that target bacteria-innate immune interactions to improve healing. We will also discuss potential issues in studying the complexity of immune-biofilm interactions in chronic wounds and explore future areas of investigation for the field.

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“…All E. faecalis isolated showed high levels of sensitivity to the different antibiotic classes. Shettigar et al, 12 in a prospective epidemiological study with 100 patients, found E. faecalis with high rates of resistance to antibiotics such as erythromycin (94%), tetracyclines (91%) and ciprofloxacin (89%). In the present study 165 aerobic organisms isolated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the incidence of carbapenem-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients suffering with diabetic foot ulcers

Patil¹,

Surekha²

2021

IJMMTD

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The present study was undertaken to determine the incidence of carbapenem-resistant in patients suffering from diabetic foot ulcers. A total of one hundred patients with diabetic ulcer admitted in surgical wards, VIMS, Bellary were studied. Swabs were collected from the depth of the ulcers on the feet of the diabetic patients. From each patient, two swabs were collected. One swab was used for the isolation of aerobic bacteria and the other for preparation of smear for Gram stain. Debrided necrotic material was also collected. After sample collection, the specimens were processed immediately in the laboratory. Out of 100 cases, 40 (40%) patients presented with ulcer of 2-4 weeks duration. Out of 165 organisms isolated, most common isolate were 38(23.03%), followed by 34 (20.6%), 2(16.96%), 26(15.75%), 23(13.93%), 8(4.84%), 4(2.42%) and 4(2.42%) The carbapenems seem to be successful against the .

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Severity of drug resistance and co-existence of Enterococcus faecalis in diabetic foot ulcer infections

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

High prevalence of vancomycin and high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis isolates

High prevalence of vancomycin and high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis isolates

Biofilm-Innate Immune Interface: Contribution to Chronic Wound Formation

Determination of the incidence of carbapenem-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients suffering with diabetic foot ulcers

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