Severity and prognostic assessment of the endotoxin activity assay in biliary tract infection

Abstract

Endotoxin activity assay is useful for assessment and early prediction of septic conditions due to AC.

Platelet hyperaggregability is associated with decreased ADAMTS13 activity and enhanced endotoxemia in patients with acute cholangitis

“…Combined with the fact that ADAMTS13:AC was also inversely correlated with DIC score, this finding indicates that ADAMTS13 activity could comprise an important marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of DIC, and that the pathophysiology of severe acute cholangitis might be closely related to DIC. Recently, it was reported that EAA is related to the severity of acute cholangitis . Our study also found that such activity comprises a useful marker for assessment of acute cholangitis.…”

“…Recently, it was reported that EAA is related to the severity of acute cholangitis. 29 Our study also found that such activity comprises a useful marker for assessment of acute cholangitis.…”

IL‐7 and procalcitonin are useful biomarkers in the comprehensive evaluation of the severity of acute cholangitis

“…However, it takes a few days to perform blood culturing. We have reported that the EAA value on admission was independently associated with bacteremia . The rate of positive blood culture (50% vs. 15%, P < 0.001) was significantly higher in the high EAA group (EAA value ≥0.4) than in the low EAA group (EAA value <0.4).…”

“…We previously reported that endotoxin activity assay (EAA) represented an important biomarker for the severity of BTI . The EAA is a method of indirectly examining the endotoxin activity by examining the activation of neutrophils .…”

Evaluation of the use of the Endotoxin Activity Assay (EAA™) to Quantify Non-septic Exposure of Metabolic Endotoxemia

“…The EAA assay has been used to assess the risk of sepsis [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], as well as in healthy [21][22][23] and obese individuals [24], but is not marketed as a suitable test for the detection of low-grade endotoxemia. Unlike the LAL and LBP, the EAA has the advantage of neither require centrifugation nor sample treatment, can be performed on individual samples and therefore is capable of providing a real-time result within 30 minutes from blood collection, making it potentially an attractive assay format for quantifying metabolic endotoxaemia.…”