Severe Sleep Problems and Psychopathic Features: A Study of Finnish Adolescents

Backman, Heidi; Laajasalo, Taina; Saukkonen, Suvi; Salmi, Venla; Jokela, Markus; Aronen, Eeva T.

doi:10.4172/2375-4494.1000301

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…Next, based on a previous study [ 67 ], we expected that a higher sleep quality longitudinally (objective measure of sleep parameters at age five; Hypothesis 2) and lower scores for insomnia cross-sectionally (subjective measure of insomnia at age 14; Hypothesis 3) would be associated with lower callous-unemotional traits at age 14. Correlative computations showed that a higher objectively assessed sleep efficiency and a shorter sleep latency at age five were associated with lower scores for callousness at 14 years (confirmation of Hypothesis 2; though, we noted that the objective sleep dimension did not reach statistical significance in the regression model).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, researchers still are divided on the association between sleep and psychopathy, which includes callous-unemotional traits. While some researchers suggest a negative association [ 67 ] between callous-unemotional traits and sleep, other studies have shown a positive association [ 53 , 126 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This association was not examined in our analysis. Second, only Backman et al [ 67 ] examined adolescents. The other studies focused on adults, which further complicates the integration of our results into the current research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, based on a previous study [ 67 ], we expected that higher sleep quality longitudinally (objective measure of sleep parameters at age five; Hypothesis 2) and lower scores for insomnia cross-sectionally (subjective measure of insomnia at age 14; Hypothesis 3) would be associated with lower callous-unemotional traits at age 14. Similarly, with the fourth and fifth hypotheses, we predicted that a higher sleep quality longitudinally (objective measure of sleep parameters at age five; Hypothesis 4) and lower scores for insomnia cross-sectionally (subjective measure of insomnia at age 14; Hypothesis 5) would be associated with higher scores for empathy at age 14.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Origins of the Dark—Hyperactivity and Negative Peer Relationships, an Objectively Lower Sleep Efficiency, and a Longer Sleep Onset Latency at Age Five Were Associated with Callous-Unemotional Traits and Low Empathy at Age 14

Eisenhut¹,

Bahmani

Ngo

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Within the spectrum of emotional competencies, callous-unemotional traits are socially discouraged, while empathy is considered a socially much more accepted emotional trait. This holds particularly true for adolescents, who are still building up their social and emotional competencies. The aims of the present study were two-fold: First, longitudinally, to identify traits of behavioral problems and objective sleep dimensions at the age of 5 years to predict callous-unemotional traits and empathy at the age of 14 years. Second, cross-sectionally, to associate callous-unemotional traits and empathy with current insomnia, stress, and mental toughness. Methods: Preschoolers at the age of 5 years were contacted nine years later at the age of 14 years. At 5 years, parents rated their children’s behavior (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ); in parallel, children underwent a one-night sleep-EEG assessment. At the age of 14 years, adolescents completed a series of questionnaires covering callous-unemotional traits, insomnia, empathy, stress, and mental toughness. Results: A total of 77 adolescents (38.1% females) took part in the present study. Longitudinally, higher scores for hyperactivity at age 5 significantly predicted higher callous-unemotional traits at age 14. A higher score for negative peer relationships at age 5 significantly predicted lower scores for cognitive empathy at age 14. Further, objective sleep-EEG measures showed that a higher sleep efficiency and a shorter sleep latency was associated with lower scores for callousness. Cross-sectionally, higher scores for callous-unemotional traits were associated with higher insomnia and stress, while lower insomnia was associated with higher empathy. Mental toughness was unrelated to callous-unemotional traits and empathy. Conclusions: It appears that hyperactivity traits and negative peer relationships and more unfavorable objective sleep patterns at 5 years predicted socially discouraged callous-unemotional traits and low empathy during adolescence. Further, cross-sectionally at the age of 14, callous-unemotional traits, subjective poor sleep, and higher stress were associated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%