Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Fever in an Adolescent

Sharma, Pradeep; Kumar, Maneesh; Bhandari, Neha; Kushwaha, Anand

doi:10.1093/tropej/fmx107

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Additional cardiac alterations included myocardial infarct, heart failure, cardiac arrest, and myocarditis [ 14 , 26 , 29 , 30 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 53 , 61 , 67 , 74 ] ( Table 2 and Table 3 ). In children (ages 1 year to 18 years), the symptoms were similar to that in adults with tachycardia, bradycardia, hypertensive shock, myocarditis, cardiorespiratory failure, and death being reported [ 2 , 34 , 38 , 50 , 52 , 66 , 72 ] ( Table 2 and Table 3 ). Reports of altered cardiac symptoms in infants include tachycardia, heart murmur, hypertension, ventricular dysfunction, pericardial effusion, myocarditis, and death [ 32 , 33 , 42 , 45 , 51 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 60 , 63 , 69 , 78 ] ( Table 2 and Table 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Cardiomyopathy and Death Following Chikungunya Infection: An Increasingly Common Outcome

et al. 2021

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Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is vectored by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and is found throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions. While most infections cause mild symptoms such as fever and arthralgia, there have been cases in which cardiac involvement has been reported. In adults, case reports include symptoms ranging from tachycardia and arrythmia, to myocarditis and cardiac arrest. In children, case reports describe symptoms such as arrythmia, myocarditis, and heart failure. Case reports of perinatal and neonatal CHIKV infections have also described cardiovascular compromise, including myocardial hypertrophy, ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, and death. Myocarditis refers to inflammation of the heart tissue, which can be caused by viral infection, thus becoming viral myocarditis. Since viral myocarditis is linked as a causative factor of other cardiomyopathies, including dilated cardiomyopathy, in which the heart muscle weakens and fails to pump blood properly, the connection between CHIKV and the heart is concerning. We searched Pubmed, Embase, LILACS, and Google Scholar to identify case reports of CHIKV infections where cardiac symptoms were reported. We utilized NCBI Virus and NCBI Nucleotide to explore the lineage/evolution of strains associated with these outbreaks. Statistical analysis was performed to identify which clinical features were associated with death. Phylogenetic analysis determined that CHIKV infections with cardiac symptoms are associated with the Asian, the East Central South African, and the Indian Ocean lineages. Of patients admitted to hospital, death rates ranged from 26–48%. Myocarditis, hypertension, pre-existing conditions, and the development of heart failure were significantly correlated with death. As such, clinicians should be aware in their treatment and follow-up of patients.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Cardiomyopathy and Death Following Chikungunya Infection: An Increasingly Common Outcome

et al. 2021

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“…Among the case reports and observational studies and case series, 18 studies [32,47,66,[69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83], seven studies [54,57,61,64,[84][85][86], and one study [87], were of high quality respectively, while the remaining studies had a fair rating (S2-S4 Tables).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global burden of Chikungunya fever among children: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Nyamwaya

Thumbi²,

Bejon³

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an arboviral illness that was first described in Tanzania (1952). In adults, the disease is characterised by debilitating arthralgia and arthritis that can persist for months, with severe illness including neurological complications observed in the elderly. However, the burden, distribution and clinical features of CHIKF in children are poorly described. We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to determine the epidemiology of CHIKF in children globally by describing its prevalence, geographical distribution, and clinical manifestations. We searched electronic databases for studies describing the epidemiology of CHIKF in children. We included peer-reviewed primary studies that reported laboratory confirmed CHIKF. We extracted information on study details, sampling approach, study participants, CHIKF positivity, clinical presentation and outcomes of CHIKF in children. The quality of included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool for case reports and National Institute of Health quality assessment tool for quantitative studies and case series. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of CHIKF among children by geographical location. We summarised clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, administered treatment and disease outcomes associated with CHIKF in children. We identified 2104 studies, of which 142 and 53 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic literature review and meta-analysis, respectively. Most of the selected studies were from Asia (54/142 studies) and the fewest from Europe (5/142 studies). Included studies were commonly conducted during an epidemic season (41.5%) than non-epidemic season (5.1%). Thrombocytopenia was common among infected children and CHIKF severity was more prevalent in children <1 year. Children with undifferentiated fever before CHIKF was diagnosed were treated with antibiotics and/or drugs that managed specific symptoms or provided supportive care. CHIKF is a significant under-recognised and underreported health problem among children globally and development of drugs/vaccines should target young children.

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“…They are one of the major causes of severe infections and deaths among children younger than 5 years of age, older adults, pregnant and immunosuppressed individuals ( Lin et al, 2018 ). Specially in tropical country as Brazil, the dengue viruses and Chikungunya viruses are a leading cause of sepsis in all age groups ( de Cavalcanti et al, 2017 , Kumar Sharma et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: General Characteristics and Updates Of The Microbial Systemimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanotechnological strategies for systemic microbial infections treatment: A review

Ramos

Santos

Silva

et al. 2020

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Associated with Chikungunya Fever in an Adolescent

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Cardiomyopathy and Death Following Chikungunya Infection: An Increasingly Common Outcome

Cardiomyopathy and Death Following Chikungunya Infection: An Increasingly Common Outcome

The global burden of Chikungunya fever among children: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Nanotechnological strategies for systemic microbial infections treatment: A review

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