Severe seizures in pigs naturally infected with Taenia solium in Tanzania

Trevisan, Chiara; Mkupasi, Ernatus Martin; Ngowi, Helena; Forkman, Björn; Johansen, Maria Vang

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.02.025

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These were naturally infected with T. solium , and diagnosis was based on tongue inspection. The infected pigs were part of an experimental behavioral study conducted over 14 consecutive days and in which seizures were observed in two out of 16 pigs ( Trevisan et al, 2016 ). Two infected pigs with seizures and T. solium cysts, four infected pigs without seizures but with cysts and one non-infected control pig originating from a commercial Danish pig farm, were included in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a significant proportion of individuals with neurocysticercosis remain asymptomatic ( de Almeida and Torres, 2011 ), which may partly be ascribed to the fact that it can take years from infection time until signs start showing ( Garcia et al, 2003 ). Recently, Trevisan et al (2016) reported for the first time seizures in pigs with T. solium neurocysticercosis ( Trevisan et al, 2016 ). Previous to this, clinical signs in pigs have not been studied thoroughly, and pigs have to a large extent been considered not to be clinically affected by the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between seizures and deposition of collagen in the brain in porcine Taenia solium neurocysticercosis

Christensen

Trevisan

Leifsson

et al. 2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between seizures and deposition of collagen in the brain in porcine Taenia solium neurocysticercosis

Christensen

Trevisan

Leifsson

et al. 2016

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…The clinical manifestations of NCC differ, varying from asymptomatic to severe (Winkler, 2013;Trevisan et al, 2016). Seizures are the most common presentation of NCC in humans (Carpio and Romo, 2014) occurring in about 60-90% of symptomatic infections (Rodrigues et al, 2012;Carpio et al, 2013), although incidence varies in different regions according to socioeconomic and cultural practices (Del Brutto, 2013b;Winkler, 2013).…”

Section: Disease In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Taenia solium cysticercosis in West Africa

et al. 2019

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Human and porcine cysticercosis is endemic in West Africa, where epilepsy is relatively common, but rarely reported due to fear of stigmatization. Neurocysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium, tends to affect the poor in developing countries and control is hampered by inadequate infrastructure and financial resources coupled with lack of adequate information about its significance and distribution. The risk factors for human cysticercosis are closely associated with the characteristics of smallholder or backyard pig farming systems prevalent in this region. Poverty, ignorance and lack of political will militate against successful eradication, while tools for effective diagnosis, prevention and treatment, including vaccines for pigs, are not yet available in many countries. Cysticercosis was targeted for control by The World Health Organization global plan for 2008-2015; however, measures for control are yet to be undertaken in a coordinated manner in West Africa. Diagnostic tools, including neuroimaging facilities, should be strategically situated and made accessible to rural populations in West Africa. Community education in combination with a multipronged approach consisting of vaccination of pigs using TSOL18 vaccine and treatment with oxfendazole along with mass chemotherapy of humans with praziquantel could eliminate taeniasis and should be considered in the region. Indepth and extensive epidemiological studies are required in the region in order to fully elucidate the prevalence of T. solium and to support more coordinated and effective control of human and porcine cysticercosis.

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“…Recent findings reported that seizures also occur in pigs with NCC and disease negatively affects their behaviour, posing a further burden on the welfare of affected animals [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the societal cost of Taenia solium in Angónia district, Mozambique

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe zoonotic parasite Taenia solium is endemic in Angónia district, Tete province, Mozambique, though the burden of the disease complex is unknown.MethodsAs part of two cross-sectional studies on human and porcine cysticercosis in the area, unique epidemiological and cost data were collected in Angónia district, Mozambique in 2007. These data provided the basis for the assessment of the societal cost of T. solium in the district, which estimates the impact of the disease on human and pig populations and includes both health and economic approaches in the analysis.ResultsApproximately 0.7% (95% Uncertainty Interval (UI), 0.4–0.9) and 0.4% (95% UI, 0.2–0.6) of the total population in the district was estimated to suffer from neurocysticercosis (NCC)-associated epilepsy and headache. The estimated average number of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to NCC-associated epilepsy and headache was 6 (95% UI, 4–8) per thousand persons per year. The total annual costs due to T. solium cysticercosis were estimated at 90,000 USD (95% UI, 39,483–201,463) of which 72% (95% UI, 45–91) were costs linked to human cysticercosis and 28% (95% UI, 9.5–55) to pig production losses. The annual economic burden per NCC-associated epilepsy case in the district amounted to 33 USD (95% UI, 10–76).ConclusionsIn this highly endemic area of Mozambique a large number of individuals suffer from symptoms associated with NCC. Healthy years of life are lost and people are left living with disabilities. Infected pork poses a serious risk to the community and affects the economy of smallholder farmers. Cost for treatment and hospitalization of patients with NCC-associated epilepsy, and lack of productivity and inability of suffering patients to work, further hinder socioeconomic development. Feasible solutions framed within a country specific algorithm and stepwise approaches are needed to control the parasite in the country.

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Severe seizures in pigs naturally infected with Taenia solium in Tanzania

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

The association between seizures and deposition of collagen in the brain in porcine Taenia solium neurocysticercosis

The association between seizures and deposition of collagen in the brain in porcine Taenia solium neurocysticercosis

Overview of Taenia solium cysticercosis in West Africa

Assessment of the societal cost of Taenia solium in Angónia district, Mozambique

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