Severe plastic deformation: A state of art

Kumar, Harish; Devade, Kiran D.; Singh, Durgeshwar Pratap; Giri, Jitendra Mohan; Kumar, Manish; Arun, Vanya

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2023.02.194

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…ECAP, a prominent SPD technique that has been shown to substantially increase both strength and ductility, can be used to refine the particle size of multiple metals, including CP Ti [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. During the ECAP process, extremely severe plastic deformation is induced in the billet by passing it through an angular channel die [ 19 , 27 , 28 ]. During this process, the particle size of the material decreases significantly, which increases its strength and ductility [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Pure Titanium’s Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes

Alemayehu,

Todoh,

Hsieh

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Pure titanium is limited to be used in biomedical applications due to its lower mechanical strength compared to its alloy counterpart. To enhance its properties and improve medical implants feasibility, advancements in titanium processing technologies are necessary. One such technique is equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) for its severe plastic deformation (SPD). This study aims to surface modify commercially pure titanium using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) or plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technologies, and mineral solutions containing Ca and P. The composition, metallography, and shape of the changed surface were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), digital optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. A microhardness test is conducted to assess each sample’s mechanical strength. The weight % of Ca and P in the coating was determined using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and the corrosion resistance was evaluated through potentiodynamic measurement. The behavior of human dental pulp cell and periodontal cell behavior was also studied through a biomedical experiment over a period of 1-, 3-, and 7-days using culture medium, and the cell death and viability can be inferred with the help of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) since it can detect proteins or biomarkers secreted by cells undergoing apoptosis or necrosis. This study shows that the mechanical grain refinement method and surface modification might improve the mechanical and biomechanical properties of commercially pure (CP) titanium. According to the results of the corrosion loss measurements, 2PassMAO had the lowest corrosion rate, which is determined to be 0.495 mmpy. The electrode potentials for the 1-pass and 2-pass coated samples are 1.44 V and 1.47 V, respectively. This suggests that the coating is highly effective in reducing the corrosion rate of the metallic CP Ti sample. Changes in the grain size and the presence of a high number of grain boundaries have a significant impact on the corrosion resistance of CP Ti. For ECAPED and surface-modified titanium samples in a 3.6% NaCl electrolyte solution, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) properties are similar to Nyquist and Bode plot fitting. In light of ISO 10993-5 guidelines for assessing in vitro cytotoxicity, this study contributes valuable insights into pulp and periodontal cell behavior, focusing specifically on material cytotoxicity, a critical factor determined by a 30% decrease in cell viability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Pure Titanium’s Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes

Alemayehu,

Todoh,

Hsieh

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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“…These materials have many layers with different properties, allowing for highly customized properties for specific applications. This advancement involves the creation of new SPD approaches capable of precisely controlling various gradients [12,15]. Multi-gradient FGMs, for example, can be developed in aerospace applications to optimize heat resistance and mechanical strength within components, such as turbine blades, increasing aircraft efficiency [11].…”

Section: Multi-gradient Fgmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of SPD is to improve the microstructure and properties of the materials. SPD has demonstrated outstanding potential for enhancing efficiency and extending the service life of some components [12][13][14]. Moreover, a hive of research activity has emerged around using SPD on powders to fabricate FGMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Functionally Graded Materials through Severe Plastic Deformation of Powders: Process, Significance, and Future Development

Cleophas,

Bayode,

Fredrick

et al. 2024

E3S Web Conf.

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Functionally graded materials (FGMs) are a remarkable invention in materials science and engineering, that offers unique properties useful in various applications. Having the ability to gradually change properties, like composition, microstructure, or mechanical properties of materials, gives FGMs unparalleled adaptability, making them suited for a wide range of high-strength applications. One of the novel methods of creating FGMs is to use severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques on powdered materials. The SPD of powders involves a few critical steps; The process begins with selecting materials with varied compositions and phases then mixing the powders, cold compaction, SPD methods, and, if necessary, heat treatment. The process is completed with characterization and testing, to evaluate the microstructure and characteristics of the final FGM formed. FGMs will continue transforming materials engineering and pushing the boundaries of their applications in many engineering fields and industries since they exhibit attractive capabilities like improved efficiency, durability, and performance. Therefore, this article explores the process of fabricating FGMs by SPD and emphasizes its significance and future trends in FGM production.

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“…SPD improves metal mechanical characteristics and grain structure. This process yields nanocrystalline, ultrafine-grained metals [1][2][3] . ECAP, high-pressure torsion, and ARB achieve SPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Difficulties in Achieving Equal Channel Angular Pressing in Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites

Sagar K G

2023

j. of met. mater. res.

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The technique known as Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) has gained prominence as a transformational method for improving the mechanical characteristics of metals and alloys by subjecting them to intense plastic deformation. This study explores the significant difficulties that arise when using Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on Aluminium 2024-Beryl Metal Matrix Composites (2024-BMMCs), providing a detailed analysis of the complex interaction between the reinforcement particles and the aluminium matrix. This work aims to provide a thorough examination of the challenges, root causes, and possible approaches to address the issue of producing consistent deformation in 2024-BMMCs using ECAP. By doing so, this research contributes to a better understanding of the intricate nature of this process.

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Severe plastic deformation: A state of art

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Improving Pure Titanium’s Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes

Improving Pure Titanium’s Biological and Mechanical Characteristics through ECAP and Micro-Arc Oxidation Processes

Fabrication of Functionally Graded Materials through Severe Plastic Deformation of Powders: Process, Significance, and Future Development

Significant Difficulties in Achieving Equal Channel Angular Pressing in Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites

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