Severe phototoxic reaction secondary to subcutaneous 5-azacitidine

Keating, Matthew; Dasanu, Constantin A

doi:10.1177/1078155216660185

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…As DNMT inhibitors were usually used for cancer treatment but not for FSs, which might have unpredictable side effects on infants, we aimed to search an effective and harmless treatment that could also rescue the future memory deficits induced by prolonged FSs. Here, we investigated the effect of an enriched environment (EE) protocol during weaning period on adult memory performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged febrile seizures induce inheritable memory deficits in rats through DNA methylation

Dai

Feng

et al. 2019

CNS Neurosci Ther

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Summary Aims Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common types of seizures in young children. However, little is known whether the memory deficits induced by early‐life FSs could transmit across generations or not. Methods The memory functions of different generations of FS rats were behaviorally evaluated by morris water maze, inhibitory avoidance task, and contextual fear conditioning task. Meanwhile, molecular biology and pharmacological methods were used to investigate the role of DNA methylation in transgenerational transmission of memory defects. Results Prolonged FSs in infant rats resulted in memory deficits in adult and transgenerationally transmitted to next generation, which was mainly through mothers. For these two generations, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1 was upregulated, leading to transcriptional inhibition of the synaptic plasticity protein reelin but not the memory suppressor protein phosphatase 1. DNMT inhibitors prevented the high expression of DNMT1 and hypermethylation of reelin gene and reversed the transgenerationally memory deficits. In addition, enriched environment in juvenile rats rescued memory deficits induced by prolonged FSs. Conclusions Our study demonstrated early experience of prolonged FSs led to memory deficits in adult rats and their unaffected offspring, which involved epigenetic mechanisms, suggesting early environmental experiences had a significant impact on the transgenerational transmission of neurological diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged febrile seizures induce inheritable memory deficits in rats through DNA methylation

Dai

Feng

et al. 2019

CNS Neurosci Ther

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“…Other than localized reactions at the injection site, few generalized reactions are reported in the literature. Keating et al reported a severe phototoxic reaction due to subcutaneous 5-azacitidine [6]. A case series of azacitidine-associated generalized urticarial skin rash has been reported in the literature, which resolved effectively after the use of concomitant low-dose oral steroids [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reticular Skin Rash as an Adverse Effect of 5-Azacitidine

Verma¹,

Chandra²,

Shukla³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Azacitidine is a hypomethylating agent used for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). It has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of MDS and is also indicated for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Injection site erythema, ecchymosis, and petechiae are some of the common cutaneous adverse reactions associated with azacitidine. This article describes a rare adverse cutaneous drug reaction with azacitidine in the form of a reticular generalized skin rash in a 28-year-old female with AML.

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“…5-azacitidine also causes phototoxicity. Clinical manifestations are pruritic, serpiginous, tender lesions [ 227 ].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Drugs With Photosensitive Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-Induced Photosensitivity—From Light and Chemistry to Biological Reactions and Clinical Symptoms

et al. 2021

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Photosensitivity is one of the most common cutaneous adverse drug reactions. There are two types of drug-induced photosensitivity: photoallergy and phototoxicity. Currently, the number of photosensitization cases is constantly increasing due to excessive exposure to sunlight, the aesthetic value of a tan, and the increasing number of photosensitizing substances in food, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. The risk of photosensitivity reactions relates to several hundred externally and systemically administered drugs, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, psychotropic, antimicrobial, antihyperlipidemic, and antineoplastic drugs. Photosensitivity reactions often lead to hospitalization, additional treatment, medical management, decrease in patient’s comfort, and the limitations of drug usage. Mechanisms of drug-induced photosensitivity are complex and are observed at a cellular, molecular, and biochemical level. Photoexcitation and photoconversion of drugs trigger multidirectional biological reactions, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and changes in melanin synthesis. These effects contribute to the appearance of the following symptoms: erythema, swelling, blisters, exudation, peeling, burning, itching, and hyperpigmentation of the skin. This article reviews in detail the chemical and biological basis of drug-induced photosensitivity. The following factors are considered: the chemical properties, the influence of individual ranges of sunlight, the presence of melanin biopolymers, and the defense mechanisms of particular types of tested cells.

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Severe phototoxic reaction secondary to subcutaneous 5-azacitidine

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Prolonged febrile seizures induce inheritable memory deficits in rats through DNA methylation

Prolonged febrile seizures induce inheritable memory deficits in rats through DNA methylation

Reticular Skin Rash as an Adverse Effect of 5-Azacitidine

Drug-Induced Photosensitivity—From Light and Chemistry to Biological Reactions and Clinical Symptoms

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