Severe lead poisoning in the plastics industry: A report of three cases

Coyle, Patricia K.; Kosnett, Michael J.; Hipkins, Karen

doi:10.1002/ajim.20123

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…and plastic industries such as "Manufacture of Other Plastics" in the top 10 industry sub-classes list which have the most number of workers of PbB over 25 µg/dl. As according result with the report of severe lead poisoning cases in 1997 in US 24) , when we make the top 30 individual rank of high PbB from all 13,043 lead workers, there were 9(30%) lead workers who worked for plastic industries as shown in Table 8. This is extremely high percentage considering lead workers from plastic industries were only 445.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Blood Lead Level of Entire Korean Lead Workers

2006

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Blood Lead Level of Entire Korean Lead Workers

2006

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“…This evaluation however does not exclude the need of ALA-U determination on an individual basis in workers with lower Pb-B, because Pb-B and ALA-U are the most convenient markers of exposure and health effect in the prevention of Pb poisoning. It should be added that, even in modern communities, cases with high Pb exposure may take place in which Pb-B is well in excess of 40 µg/100 ml 12,31) , or even as high as ≥100 µg/100 ml 32) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Colorimetric and HPLC Methods for Determination of .DELTA.-Aminolevulinic Acid in Urine with Reference to Dose-Response Relationship in Occupational Exposure to Lead

et al. 2005

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Both traditional colorimetry and recently developed HPLC-fluorometry have been in use for determination of δ δ δ δ δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine (ALA-U), an effect marker of occupational exposure to lead (Pb). The present study was initiated to compare the values by the two methods on an epidemiology basis among workers occupationally exposed to lead (Pb), to estimate quantitatively the colorimetry-associated increment over the values by the HPLC method, to evaluate ALA-U determination in occupational health service for Pb-exposed workers, and to identify a critical Pb-B to induce an elevation in ALA-U. For this purpose, blood and urine samples were collected from three groups of Pb-exposed workers (both men and women in combination, including smokers) and analyzed for Pb in blood (Pb-B; measured in all subjects) and ALA-U (by colorimetry or HPLC), i.e., Group 1 (164 subjects with urinalysis by the two methods), Group 2 (2,923 subjects by colorimetry), and Group 3 (2,540 subjects by HPLC). ALA-U when measured by colorimetry was higher than the values by HPLC, and that the mean difference on a group basis was 1.4 mg/l (in a range of 1.1 to 1.8 mg/l), irrespective of Pb-B levels. It was also found that the increase in ALA-U was small when Pb-B was relatively low (e.g., ≤40 µg/100 ml), and that the increase on a group basis in response to an increase in Pb-B from 5 to 40 µg/100 ml was as small as ≤0.6 mg/l. Thus, ALA-U appeared to be not a sensitive marker of Pb effects at low Pb-B levels. ALA-U however increased substantially with a point of inflection at the Pb-B level of about 17-34 µg/100 ml. Thus it was concluded that ALA-U as measured by colorimetry is greater than ALA-U by HPLC by 1.4 mg/l on average irrespective of intensity of Pb-exposure, which may induce bias in evaluation of health effect, and that ALA-U levels will increase when Pb-B is in excess of 17-34 µg/100 ml.

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“…Lead content in the air, food and tap water has increased several folds during recent years due to extensive use of this metal in petrol, paints, battery and other industries (Tuormaa, 1995). Despite of attempts for reducing the exposure to this metal, there are still some reports of cases with severe lead toxicity (Hershko, 2005;Roche et al, 2005 andCoyle et al, 2005). On the other hand, chronic lead poisoning is a problem which threats mankind's life and seems to be an unknown reason for some diseases during aging (Coyle et al and Vig & HU, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lead Intoxication and D-Penicillamine Treatment on Hematological Indices in Rats

Golalipour

Roshandel

et al. 2007

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:Lead is one of the most important environmental pollution which is toxic to many organ systems. D-penicillamine (D-P) is a chelator drug which is used for treatment of lead toxicity for several years. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of D-P in reducing the effects of lead on hematological indices. This study was done on 36 male adult, 6-8 weeks albino Wistar rats in Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. At first male adult rats were exposed to lead acetate in their drinking water. After 8 weeks, 6 rats were selected and blood samples were prepared to assess the effects of lead toxicity. The remained lead exposed rats were divided into recovery and treatment groups where distilled water and D-P was administered for them, respectively. After lead exposure, red blood cell count increased slightly, but hemoglobin and hematocrite were decreased. Also MCV and MCH were significantly decreased (P<0.05). RDW, PDW and MPV were significantly higher in lead exposed rats (P<0.05). After recovery period, most of parameters were close to normal while there were no significant differences between recovery and treatment groups. This study showed that hematologic effects of lead are reversible and D-P administration do not play an important role in subchronic lead intoxication.

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Severe lead poisoning in the plastics industry: A report of three cases

Abstract: Clinicians should be aware of potential serious overexposure to lead in compounding of plastics.

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Blood Lead Level of Entire Korean Lead Workers

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Blood Lead Level of Entire Korean Lead Workers

Comparison of Colorimetric and HPLC Methods for Determination of .DELTA.-Aminolevulinic Acid in Urine with Reference to Dose-Response Relationship in Occupational Exposure to Lead

Effect of Lead Intoxication and D-Penicillamine Treatment on Hematological Indices in Rats

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