Severe hypovitaminosis C in lung-cancer patients: the utilization of vitamin C in surgical repair and lymphocyte-related host resistance

Anthony, Honor M.; Schorah, C. J.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1982.211

Cited by 106 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…21 Green tea extract and its derivatives have shown to exert inhibitory effects against bladder tumor growth; researchers at the Medical College of Ohio observed 100% cell lethality in AY-27 rat transitional cell cancer following exposure to EGCG, and in vivo, histology showed 64% tumor-free rate in Fisher 344 rats exposed to EGCG over the control. 22 Ascorbic acid has been reported to exert cytotoxic and antimetastatic actions on malignant cell lines; [23][24][25] in addition, low levels of ascorbic acid have been reported in cancer patients. [26][27][28] Our previous studies indicated that the synergistic anticancer effect of ascorbic acid, proline, lysine and EGCG on several cancer cell lines in tissue culture studies was greater than that of the individual nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effect of ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, arginine, and green tea extract on bladder cancer cell line T‐24

et al. 2006

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Aims: Bladder cancer, the fourth highest incident cancer in men and tenth in women, is associated with a high rate of recurrence, even when treated in situ, and prognosis is poor once the cancer metastasizes to distant sites. Based on anticancer properties, we investigated the effect of a mixture of lysine, proline, arginine, ascorbic acid, and green tea extract on human bladder cancer cells T-24 by measuring: proliferation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, and cancer cell invasive potential. Methods: Human bladder cancer cells T-24 (ATCC) were grown in McCoy medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, penicillin (100 U/mL) and streptomycin (100 mg/mL) in 24-well tissue culture plates. At near confluence, the cells were treated with the nutrient mixture dissolved in media and tested at 0, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL in triplicate at each dose. Cells were also treated with PMA 200 ng/mL to study enhanced MMP-9 activity. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, MMP activity by gelatinase zymography, and invasion through Matrigel. Results: Nutrient mixture inhibited the T-24 cell secretion of MMP-2 and -9, with virtual total inhibition of MMP-2 at 500 µg/mL and MMP-9 at 100 µg/mL. The nutrient mixture significantly reduced the invasion of human bladder cancer cells T-24 through Matrigel in a dose-dependent fashion, with 95% inhibition at 500 µg/mL and 100% at 1000 µg/mL nutrient mixture (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results suggest that our nutrient mixture is an excellent candidate for therapeutic use in the treatment of bladder cancer, by inhibiting critical steps in cancer development and spread, such as MMP secretion and invasion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antitumor effect of ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, arginine, and green tea extract on bladder cancer cell line T‐24

et al. 2006

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“…These changes include uptake of the vitamin by the tumour (Anthony & Schorah, 1982), and alterations in the metabolism of the vitamin by the tumour (Rivlin, 1973). CoA is the metabolically-active form of pantothenate and our data suggest that growth of these tumours affects pantothenate metabolism in the host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The effect of tumour growth on liver pantothenate, CoA, and fatty acid synthetase activity in the mouse

McAllister

Fixter²,

Campbell³

1988

Br J Cancer

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Summary Enzymatic, and microbiological assays were used to determine the hepatic contents of coenzyme A, acetyl CoA, fatty acid synthetase activity, and pantothenate in livers of tumour-bearing mice. Significant decreases in CoA and acetyl CoA were found in mice bearing (Balducci & Hardy, 1985;Shapot & Blinov, 1974). Some specific changes however are seen in malnourished animals, but not in those with experimental cancer, and recently we showed that in tumour-bearing mice, the hepatic content of acetyl coenzyme A was significantly decreased. . The Materials and methodsThree to 4 month old male mice were used throughout. All animals were weight-matched, and fed a standard cubed diet with water ad lib. Where the effects of starvation were studied food, but not water was withdrawn for 24h. TLX-5 lymphoma was maintained by regular i.p. passage in CBA strain mice every 5 days. Donor animals were killed by cervical dislocation and tumour cells harvested in Hank's Balance Salt Medium. Cell suspensions were diluted in the same medium and counted in a haemocytometer. Groups of 6 mice received 2 x 106 cells in 0.5 ml of medium either i.p. or s.c. in the subscapular region under light ether anaesthesia. Controls for these groups received 0.5 ml of the medium by the same routes. Sarcoma 180 was maintained in BALB/c mice. This tumour had been implanted 10 days previously s.c. in the subscapular region under light ether anaesthesia. Donor animals were killed by cervical dislocation, and the tumours dissected free from necrotic areas, then cut into small pieces (-2mm) which were then inserted into groups of 6 mice by the same route, also under anaesthesia. A mouse fibrosarcoma in C57 mice was maintained in the same way, and by the same route in groups of recipients. Tumour-bearers and their corresponding controls were killed by cervical dislocation at the following times after implant: TLX-5 lymphoma, 6 days; sarcoma 180, 10 days and fibrosarcoma groups, 13 days. Livers were rapidly exposed, and clamped with tongs previously cooled in liquid nitrogen, then powdered in a mortar also cooled in liquid nitrogen. Two to three hundred mg powdered tissue was then placed in preweighed and precooled homogenising vessels. After a rapid reweighing, 5 ml of IM ice-cold perchloric acid was added, and the mixture homogenised then centrifuged (2,500g for 10min). The supernatants were removed, cooled in ice, and the pH adjusted to 6 with 2.5 M potassium carbonate. After further cooling in ice for 10min followed by centrifugation (as above), aliquots of the supernatants were used for the determination of CoASH and acetyl CoA by a specific enzymatic method (Moellering & Bergmeyer, 1965). 'Total' CoA by this procedure, refers ATP ADP

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“…In this study the nutritional status of 70% of the patients on supplements did not deteriorate, whilst it worsened in 80% of patients on un-supplemented diet. In a case study involving lung cancer patients, 64% displayed serum vitamin C levels below the threshold associated with development of scurvy [5]. In contrast, surgically resected lung cancer tissues contained higher levels of vitamin C compared with normal adjacent tissue [6].…”

Section: Nutritional Status Of Cancer Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of response to cancer chemotherapeutic agents by diet constituents – Is the available evidence sufficiently robust for rational advice for patients?

D’Incalci

Steward

Gescher

2007

Cancer Treatment Reviews

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Severe hypovitaminosis C in lung-cancer patients: the utilization of vitamin C in surgical repair and lymphocyte-related host resistance

Cited by 106 publications

References 22 publications

Antitumor effect of ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, arginine, and green tea extract on bladder cancer cell line T‐24

Antitumor effect of ascorbic acid, lysine, proline, arginine, and green tea extract on bladder cancer cell line T‐24

The effect of tumour growth on liver pantothenate, CoA, and fatty acid synthetase activity in the mouse

Modulation of response to cancer chemotherapeutic agents by diet constituents – Is the available evidence sufficiently robust for rational advice for patients?

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