Severe hypernatremia and transient azotemia in a cat following inadvertent intravenous administration of a commercial polyethylene glycol solution

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical signs, clinicopathologic abnormalities, treatment, and outcome after IV administration of polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG3350) in a cat. Case Summary:A cat was inadvertently administered 6 g/kg of PEG3350 in electrolyte solution, IV, resulting in severe hypernatremia (203 mmol/L), diffuse encephalopathy, hemolysis, and moderate azotemia. The hemolysis and acute kidney injury observed immediately following PEG3350 administration resolved with supportive care. Administration of IV and oral electrolyte-free water slowly corrected the hypernatremia and the neurologic signs subsequently improved. Complete resolution of clinical signs was documented one month following hospital discharge. The PEG3350 concentrations in serum, plasma, and urine samples confirmed toxic exposure to PEG3350. Efficacy of treatment was evident by decreasing concentrations of PEG3350 in serum after the first 24 hours of treatment. Renal elimination of PEG3350 was significant and PEG3350 was still detected in the urine 17 days after exposure.

Recent advancements in urea biosensors for biomedical applications

“…The colourimetric approaches comprise nesslerization, Berthelot’s reagent and the diacetylmonoxime–glucuronolactone reagent. Blood urea nitrogen analysis is the most widely employed method for determining blood urea rates and the procedure is often paired with a serum creatinine check for azotaemia [ 16 ]. Blood Urea Nitrogen determines how much nitrogen is available in a patient’s blood.…”