Severe erosive polyarthritis in a human skeleton dated to the early modern period of Japan

Utilization of validated criteria for diagnostic assessment in nonsynchronous, allopatric populations: Role in archeologic diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and differentially distinguishing it from mimics

“…Erosions were predominantly subchondral rather than marginal in distribution in 28 cases (Arcini, 1992; Bennike, 1985; Blondiaux et al, 1997; Campillo, 1990; Ciranni et al, 2002; Clavel et al, 1999; Craps & Gowland, 2015; Fontecchio et al, 2007; Hacking et al, 1994; Hagihara et al, 2015; Inoue et al, 1999; Kacki, 2013; Kilgore, 1989; Klepinger, 1979; Mant, 2014; May, 1897; Mays et al, 2017; Mckinnon et al, 2013; Rogers et al, 1981), four of which had sclerotic erosional margins (Inoue et al, 1999; Kilgore, 1989; Mckinnon et al, 2013; Rogers et al, 1981) and four of which had surface calcific deposits (Ciranni et al, 2002; Kilgore, 1989; Mckinnon et al, 2013). Fusion of appendicular joints was present in 25 individuals (Arcini, 1992; Blondiaux et al, 1997; Campillo, 1990; Ciranni et al, 2002; Clavel et al, 1999; Hacking et al, 1994; Hagihara et al, 2015; Inoue et al, 1999; Isidro et al, 2015; Kilgore, 1989; Kim et al, 2011; Leden et al, 1988; Macke & Macke‐Ribet, 1994; May, 1897; Ruffer, 1918; Šikanjić & Vlak, 2010; Steinbock, 1976; Tesi et al, 2019; Thould & Thould, 1983). Osteophytes were prominent in six individuals (Arcini, 1992; Kilgore, 1989; Klepinger, 1979); reactive new bone formation around erosions (not including those with sclerotic margins on X‐ray) in two (Mant, 2014; Thould & Thould, 1983); periosteal reaction in four (Blondiaux et al, 1997; Hagihara et al, 2015; Leden et al, 1988); and enthesial reaction in two (Isidro et al,…”

“…Fusion of appendicular joints was present in 25 individuals (Arcini, 1992; Blondiaux et al, 1997; Campillo, 1990; Ciranni et al, 2002; Clavel et al, 1999; Hacking et al, 1994; Hagihara et al, 2015; Inoue et al, 1999; Isidro et al, 2015; Kilgore, 1989; Kim et al, 2011; Leden et al, 1988; Macke & Macke‐Ribet, 1994; May, 1897; Ruffer, 1918; Šikanjić & Vlak, 2010; Steinbock, 1976; Tesi et al, 2019; Thould & Thould, 1983). Osteophytes were prominent in six individuals (Arcini, 1992; Kilgore, 1989; Klepinger, 1979); reactive new bone formation around erosions (not including those with sclerotic margins on X‐ray) in two (Mant, 2014; Thould & Thould, 1983); periosteal reaction in four (Blondiaux et al, 1997; Hagihara et al, 2015; Leden et al, 1988); and enthesial reaction in two (Isidro et al, 2015; Mays et al, 2017). Axial joint disease, in the form of sacroiliac and/or zygaphophyseal joint erosions, was present in eight individuals (Arcini, 1992; Blondiaux et al, 1997; Campillo, 1990; Inoue et al, 1999; Kilgore, 1989; Mays et al, 2017; Tesi et al, 2019).…”

“…Erosions were predominantly subchondral rather than marginal in distribution in 28 cases (Arcini, 1992;Bennike, 1985;Blondiaux et al, 1997;Campillo, 1990;Ciranni et al, 2002;Clavel et al, 1999;Craps & Gowland, 2015;Fontecchio et al, 2007;Hacking et al, 1994;Hagihara et al, 2015;Inoue et al, 1999;Kacki, 2013;Kilgore, 1989;Klepinger, 1979;Mant, 2014;May, 1897;Mays et al, 2017;Mckinnon et al, 2013;Rogers et al, 1981), four of which had sclerotic erosional margins (Inoue et al, 1999;Kilgore, 1989;Mckinnon et al, 2013;Rogers et al, 1981) and four of which had surface calcific deposits (Ciranni et al, 2002;Kilgore, 1989;Mckinnon et al, 2013).…”

“…Support for the Old World hypothesis for its origin was predicated on observation of isolated pre‐Columbian cases of inflammatory arthritis attributed to RA (e.g., Blondiaux et al, 1997; Hagihara et al, 2015; Inoue et al, 1999; Isidro et al, 2015; Kilgore, 1989; Klepinger, 1979; Mays et al, 2017; Rogers et al, 1981). Some of those reports apparently related to lack of familiarity with other forms of inflammatory arthritis.…”

“…Disease origins have long been of interest, subjected to historical (e.g., literature), macroscopic, radiologic, histologic, and metabolic (e.g., DNA) analyses (e.g., Benton et al, 2021; Boni & Chhem, 2004; Rothschild & Martin, 2006; Schultz, 2011; Webb, 2015). While inflammatory arthritis has a deep history (Feldtkeller & Rothschild, 2016), that of what was now recognized specifically as RA has been controversial, with devouée committed to either New World (Rothschild & Woods, 1990a) or Old World origins (e.g., Blondiaux et al, 1997; Hagihara et al, 2015; Inoue et al, 1999; Isidro et al, 2015; Kilgore, 1989; Klepinger, 1979; Mays et al, 2017; Rogers et al, 1981). The maximal prevalence reported by those who accept possible occurrence of appendicular joint fusion in RA is 2% (Leden et al, 1988, 2012).…”