Severe cytokine release syndrome induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients – A case report and review of the literature

Zhang, Yujing; Wen, Xiaoyue; OuYang, Yaqi; Hu, Yingying; Fang, Xiangzhi; Zhang, Jiancheng; Yuan, Yin

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24380

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Almost from 70% to 90% of patients develop IM adverse reactions (imAR) and from 5% to 10% of patients develop severe Grade 3 and Grade 4 toxicities stemming from severe systemic inflammation leading to treatment suspension. 57 , 58 Some irAE observed following ICI treatment have been observed in preclinical models. 59 During preclinical development of tremelimumab, both skin rash and persistent loose stools with weight loss were noted in toxicology studies in cynomolgus monkeys correlating with the dose‐limiting toxicities seen in clinical trials.…”

Section: Ic Inhibition (Ici) Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune‐related adverse events of antibody‐based biological medicines in cancer therapy

Rajagopal,

MacLeod,

Corogeanu

et al. 2024

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Recombinant antibodies (Abs) are an integral modality for the treatment of multiple tumour malignancies. Since the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of rituximab as the first monoclonal antibody (mAb) for cancer treatment, several mAbs and antibody (Ab)‐based therapies have been approved for the treatment of solid tumour malignancies and other cancers. These Abs function by either blocking oncogenic pathways or angiogenesis, modulating immune response, or by delivering a conjugated drug. The use of Ab‐based therapy in cancer patients who could benefit from the treatment, however, is still limited by associated toxicity profiles which may stem from biological features and processes related to target binding, alongside biochemical and/or biophysical characteristics of the therapeutic Ab. A significant immune‐related adverse event (irAE) associated with Ab‐based therapies is cytokine release syndrome (CRS), characterized by the development of fever, rash and even marked, life‐threatening hypotension, and acute inflammation with secondary to systemic uncontrolled increase in a range of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Here, we review irAEs associated with specific classes of approved, Ab‐based novel cancer immunotherapeutics, namely immune checkpoint (IC)‐targeting Abs, bispecific Abs (BsAbs) and Ab‐drug‐conjugates (ADCs), highlighting the significance of harmonization in preclinical assay development for safety assessment of Ab‐based biotherapeutics as an approach to support and refine clinical translation.

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Section: Ic Inhibition (Ici) Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%