2021
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168423
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Severe COVID-19 Patients Show an Increase in Soluble TNFR1 and ADAM17, with a Relationship to Mortality

Abstract: Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines is a keystone event in COVID-19 pathogenesis; TNF and its receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2) are critical pro-inflammatory molecules. ADAM17 releases the soluble (sol) forms of TNF, TNFR1, and TNFR2. This study evaluated TNF, TNFRs, and ADAM17 at the protein, transcriptional, and gene levels in COVID-19 patients with different levels of disease severity. In total, 102 patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe condition groups. A group of healthy donors (HD; n = 25)… Show more

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Cited by 44 publications
(36 citation statements)
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References 51 publications
(55 reference statements)
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“…It appears that the AA genotype is more prevalent in the Egyptian population studied by Saleh et al 20 variants are high in severe patients. 21 In the current study, the frequency of TNFα genotypes and alleles, comparing between mild and moderate/severe groups were not statistically significant (Table 4). Similarly, no significant differences were found according to genders (Table 5), ages (Table 6), comorbidities (Table 7).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 52%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…It appears that the AA genotype is more prevalent in the Egyptian population studied by Saleh et al 20 variants are high in severe patients. 21 In the current study, the frequency of TNFα genotypes and alleles, comparing between mild and moderate/severe groups were not statistically significant (Table 4). Similarly, no significant differences were found according to genders (Table 5), ages (Table 6), comorbidities (Table 7).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 52%
“…In the Middle East, particularly in Iraq, studying genetic polymorphisms linking with Covid‐19 infection has been unobserved. Before the Covid‐19 pandemic emerged, our group has been working on genetic polymorphisms in both Toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR4) and Apolipoprotein Epsilon (ApoE) in a general Kurdish population 18 , 30 ; Lately, we have found that ApoE4 allele is associated with Covid‐19 infection in this population ( 19 Recent studies have found that TNF‐α −308 G > A 20 and TNF receptors 21 are associated with Covid‐19 infections in Egyptian and Mexican populations, respectively. Up to our best knowledge, no studies were conducted on the association of this TNF SNP with Covid‐19 in other ethnic backgrounds.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A recent study on a cohort of 102 Covid-19 patients from Mexico found that ADAM17 is increased in the serum of Covid-19 patients with respect to healthy donors, and in severe patients with respect to mild ones. Possibly as a consequence of this increase, some of the proteins shed in the serum by ADAM17, including TNF-α, its receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3), but not transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), are increased in the serum of these patients at the protein level while their mRNA is unchanged, which suggests increased ADAM17 activity (Palacios et al, 2021). Moreover, increased level of ADAM17 and its substrates TNFR1 and TIM3 was higher in patients that died of Covid-19 compared with survivors.…”
Section: Increase Of Adam17 In Severe Covid-19 Patientsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This understanding would significantly influence tackling chronic and life-threatening diseases, which were found to be connected to ADAM17, such as cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis [12,[51][52][53][54][55]. Recently COVID19 was also associated with an ADAM17 malfunction, which further underlines the current importance of understanding the inhibition mechanism of ADAM17 in detail for external regulation through substrate-specific inhibitors [56][57][58][59][60].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%