Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Cleri, Dennis J.; Ricketti, Anthony J.; Vernaleo, John R.

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2009.10.005

Cited by 84 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…SARS first appeared in Southern China in November 2002 and was recognized as a global threat in March 2003 when it spread to 33 countries or regions on 5 continents and was contained by July 2013. 75 Independent risk factors of superspreading nosocomial outbreaks included minimum distance between beds <1 m (odds ratio [OR], 6.98); washing or changing facilities for staff (OR, 0.12); performance of resuscitation (OR, 3.81); staff working while experiencing symptoms (OR, 4.30); SARS patients requiring oxygen therapy (OR, 4.30); and SARS patients requiring noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (OR, 11.82). 73…”

Section: Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging infectious diseases: Focus on infection control issues for novel coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa and Ebola), and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, A(H5N1) and A(H7N9)

Weber

Rutala

Fischer

et al. 2016

American Journal of Infection Control

107

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Over the past several decades, we have witnessed the emergence of many new infectious agents, some of which are major public threats. New and emerging infectious diseases which are both transmissible from patient-to-patient and virulent with a high mortality include novel coronaviruses (SARS-CoV, MERS-CV), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa, Ebola), and highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses, A(H5N1) and A(H7N9). All healthcare facilities need to have policies and plans in place for early identification of patients with a highly communicable diseases which are highly virulent, ability to immediately isolate such patients, and provide proper management (e.g., training and availability of personal protective equipment) to prevent transmission to healthcare personnel, other patients and visitors to the healthcare facility.

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Section: Outbreaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging infectious diseases: Focus on infection control issues for novel coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa and Ebola), and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, A(H5N1) and A(H7N9)

Weber

Rutala

Fischer

et al. 2016

American Journal of Infection Control

107

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“…Since finding severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to occur due to infection by coronaviruses (CoVs),12 researchers have become more interested in human coronaviruses (HCoVs). Along with the outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in the Republic of Korea this year, HCoVs continue to impact global health 34.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Coronavirus in the 2014 Winter Season as a Cause of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

et al. 2017

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PurposeDuring the late autumn to winter season (October to December) in the Republic of Korea, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Interestingly, in 2014, human coronavirus (HCoV) caused not only upper respiratory infections but also LRTIs more commonly than in other years. Therefore, we sought to determine the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and severity of illnesses associated with HCoV infections at a single center in Korea.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively identified patients with positive HCoV respiratory specimens between October 2014 and December 2014 who were admitted to Severance Children’s Hospital at Yonsei University Medical Center for LRTI. Charts of the patients with HCoV infection were reviewed and compared with RSV infection.ResultsDuring the study period, HCoV was the third most common respiratory virus and accounted for 13.7% of infections. Coinfection was detected in 43.8% of children with HCoV. Interestingly, one patient had both HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-NL63. Mild pneumonia was most common (60.4%) with HCoV, and when combined with RSV, resulted in bronchiolitis. Two patients required care in the intensive care unit. However, compared with that of RSV infection, the disease course HCoV was short.ConclusionInfections caused by HCoVs are common, and can cause LRTIs. During an epidemic season, clinicians should be given special consideration thereto. When combined with other medical conditions, such as neurologic or cardiologic diseases, intensive care unit (ICU) care may be necessary.

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“…No effective antiviral agents were available at the time of the SARS outbreak [11], so basically, the treatment plan included supportive care and antibiotics to fight a secondary bacterial infection [12]. But due to the unprecedented international response, the outbreak was successfully contained [13].…”

Section: New Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of new infections in the 21st century and identification of pathogens using next generation sequencing

et al. 2017

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Каждое новое инфекционное заболевание может быть серьезным вызовом для современной медицины. Измене-ние окружающей среды, вырубка тропических лесов, таяние льдов в Антарктике, увеличение плотности населения и повсеместное использование антибиотиков -все это факторы, провоцирующие появление новых патогенов. Эпидемии гриппа, вызываемые новыми штаммами вируса; респираторные синдромы, вызываемые новыми коро-навирусами; вспышки инфекций, причиной которых является гемолитическая кишечная палочка; возникновение резистентных к антибиотикам супербактерий -примеры того, какие опасности могут поджидать человечество. В число первоочередных мер, которые необходимо предпринять для противодействия новым патогенам, входит раз-работка способов их быстрой и точной идентификации. В обзоре рассмотрены случаи возникновения в XXI веке новых инфекционных агентов, а также проанализированы возможность и перспективы использования для выявления и идентификации новых патогенов методов высокопроизводительного секвенирования (next generation sequence).Ключевые слова: инфекционные агенты, патогенные организмы, методы выявления новых патогенов, высокопроиз-водительное секвенирование, коронавирус, вирус гриппа, горизонтальный перенос генов, антибиотикорезистентность CENTURY AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENS USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCINGEach new emerging infection may become a big challenge to the medical community. Changing environment, tropical deforestation, melting of the Antarctic ice, growing population density and uncontrolled use of antibiotics provoke emergence and evolution of pathogens. Epidemics caused by new strains of the influenza virus, respiratory syndromes associated with coronaviruses, outbreaks of hemolytic Escherichia coli infections and antibiotic-resistant superbacteria are hazards to humans. Among high-priority measures for pathogen control that are yet to be taken is development of fast and accurate techniques for pathogen identification. Our review looks at the cases of new infections registered in the 21 st century and explores feasibility of next generation sequencing for the detection and identification of new pathogens.

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Abstract: This article reviews the virology, history, pathology, epidemiology, clinical presentations, complications, radiology, laboratory testing, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of severe respiratory distress syndrome, with reference to documented outbreaks of the disease.

Cited by 84 publications

References 150 publications

Emerging infectious diseases: Focus on infection control issues for novel coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa and Ebola), and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, A(H5N1) and A(H7N9)

Emerging infectious diseases: Focus on infection control issues for novel coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-CoV), hemorrhagic fever viruses (Lassa and Ebola), and highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, A(H5N1) and A(H7N9)

Human Coronavirus in the 2014 Winter Season as a Cause of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Emergence of new infections in the 21st century and identification of pathogens using next generation sequencing

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