Severe accident research in the core degradation area: An example of effective international cooperation between the European Union (EU) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) by the International Science and Technology Center

Bottomley, D.; Stuckert, J.; Hofmann, Patricia; Tocheny, L. V.; Hugon, M.; Journeau, Christophe; Clément, Bernard; Weber, Scott; Guentay, S.; Hózer, Zoltán; Herranz, L.E.; Schumm, Andreas; Oriolo, Francesco; Altstadt, E.; Krause, Martin; Fischer, M.; Khabensky, V.B.; Bechta, Sevostian; Veshchunov, M.S.; Палагин, А. В.; Kiselev, A. S.; Nalivaev, V. I.; Goryachev, A. V.; Zhdanov, V. S.; Baklanov, Viktor

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2012.07.006

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Additional studies were performed in order to bring research results into reactor applications, using various computer codes in order to evaluate the importance of the involved phenomena, in particular through uncertainty studies. Most existing experimental programmes have been taken into account, in particular Phébus FP (Clément and Zeyen, 2013), International Source Term Programme (ISTP) (Clément et al, 2005), International Scientific and Technical Centre (ISTC) (Bottomley et al, 2012) projects and OECD/NEA/CSNI projects. With funding by the SARNET2/FP7 project, new experiments have been performed on debris bed reflooding, molten-core-concrete-interactions, containment thermal-hydraulics and source term.…”

Section: The Sarnet Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network

Dorsselaere

Auvinen

Beraha

et al. 2015

Nuclear Engineering and Design

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The SARNET network (Severe Accident Research NETwork of excellence), co-funded by the European Commission from 2004 to 2013, has allowed to significantly improve the knowledge on severe accidents and to disseminate it through courses and ERMSAR conferences. The major investigated topics, involving more than 250 researchers from 22 countries, were in- and ex-vessel corium/debris coolability, molten-core–concrete-interaction, steam explosion, hydrogen combustion and mitigation in containment, impact of oxidising conditions on source term, and iodine chemistry. The ranking of the high priority issues was updated to account for the results of recent international research and for the impact of Fukushima nuclear accidents in Japan. In addition, the ASTEC integral code was further developed to capitalize the new knowledge. The network has reached self-sustainability by integration in mid-2013 into the NUGENIA Association. The main activities and outcomes of the network are presented

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Section: The Sarnet Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network

Dorsselaere

Auvinen

Beraha

et al. 2015

Nuclear Engineering and Design

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“…Thermo 2021, 1 180 Programmes [8,9], the SARNET Networks of Excellence [10,11] and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Programmes [12,13], severe accident experts have been interested in the production and the assessment of thermodynamic data for a number of compounds of reactor materials and fission products and complex phases mixing a large number of chemical elements. Using the CALPHAD method, thermodynamic databases for collecting all this knowledge in a consistent way have been developed [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corium Experimental Thermodynamics: A Review and Some Perspectives

Barrachin

2021

Thermo

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More than 30 years ago a specialist meeting was held at Joint Research Center Ispra (Italy) from 15 to 17 January 1990 to review the current understanding of chemistry during severe accidents in light water reactors (LWR). Let us consider that, at the end of the 1980s, thermodynamics introduced in the severe accident codes was really poor. Only some equilibrium constants for a few simple reactions between stoichiometric compounds were used as well as some simple correlations giving estimates of solidus and liquidus temperatures. In the same time, the CALPHAD method was developed and was full of promise to approximate the thermodynamic properties of a complex thermochemical system by the way of a critical assessment of experimental data, a definition of a simple physical model and an optimisation procedure to define the values of the model parameters. It was evident that a nuclear thermodynamic database had to be developed with that new technique to obtain quite rapidly prominent progress in the knowledge of thermochemistry in the severe accident research area. Discussions focused on the important chemical phenomena that could occur across the wide range of conditions of a damaged nuclear plant. The most pressing need for improved chemical models is identified with condensed phase mixtures to model the corium progression. This paper reviews more than 30 years of experimental data production in the field of corium thermodynamics. This work has been conducted through multiple international programs (EURATOM, ISTC, OECD) as well as through more specific studies conducted at the national scale. This research has been capitalised in specific databases such as NUCLEA and TAF-ID, databases developed at IRSN and at CEA, respectively, and are now used in degradation models of the severe accident simulation codes. This research is presented in this paper. In the conclusion, we outline the research perspectives that need to be considered in order to address today’s and tomorrow’s issues.

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