Seven species of the families Liocranidae and Corinnidae (Araneae) from Japan and Taiwan

Kamura, Takahide

doi:10.2476/asjaa.50.49

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…For instance, CD36 mediates long chain fatty acid uptake in muscle and fat (15)(16)(17), whereas in macrophage CD36 is in involved in the accumulation of modified lipoproteins (12) and in signal transduction, particularly activation of Src-like kinases (18,19). The role of CD36 in endothelial cells is less well defined, although it appears to be involved in angiogenesis (20), a process known to involve nitric oxide generation (21)(22)(23). Interestingly, CD36 and eNOS are both localized to caveolae in endothelial cells, which may provide a localized and specific signaling environment for fatty acids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Myristic Acid Stimulates Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase in a CD36- and an AMP Kinase-dependent Manner

Zhu¹,

Smart²

2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Dietary free fatty acids have been reported to have various effects on the endothelium including the generation of nitric oxide. The goal of the current study was to determine the mechanism whereby free fatty acid causes an increase in nitric oxide synthesis. The specific hypothesis tested was that free fatty acid association with CD36, a class B scavenger receptor, induces the activation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS). A human microvascular endothelial cell line and a transfected Chinese hamster ovary cell system were used to determine which free fatty acids stimulate eNOS. Surprisingly, only myristic acid, and to a lesser extent palmitic acid, stimulated eNOS. The stimulation of eNOS was dose-and time-dependent. Competition experiments with other free fatty acids and with a CD36-blocking antibody demonstrated that the effects of myristic acid on eNOS required association with CD36. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that the effects of myristic acid on eNOS function were not dependent on PI 3-kinase, Akt kinase, or calcium. Pharmacological studies and dominant negative constructs were used to demonstrate that myristic acid/CD36 stimulation of eNOS activity was dependent on the activation of AMP kinase. These data demonstrate an unexpected link among myristic acid, CD36, AMP kinase, and eNOS activity.Dietary fatty acids are involved in the development of numerous cardiovascular diseases; however, the reported molecular mechanisms and the physiological end points are often controversial. The controversy is in part because dietary fatty acids affect multiple systems (e.g. liver, lipoproteins, endothelium, macrophages) and often have synergistic and/or antagonistic influences on the development of disease and because different fatty acids have different effects (1-4). In the present study we focused on the effects of free fatty acids on endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) 1 activity. Few studies have examined the link between free fatty acids and eNOS activity. However, numerous studies have demonstrated that acylation of eNOS with myristic acid and palmitic acid can alter the subcellular localization of eNOS with subsequent profound effects on eNOS activity (5-8). A recent study by Esenabhalu et al. (9) showed that overloading endothelial cells with oleic acid caused an attenuation of calcium signaling, which resulted in a decrease in nitric oxide production. However, Lynn et al. (10) demonstrated that lower concentrations of oleic acid did not affect nitric oxide production. Interestingly, Lynn et al. also demonstrated that eicosapentaenoic acid did increase insulinstimulated nitric oxide production (10). These findings suggest that both the concentration and type of fatty acid can influence the activity state of eNOS and the subsequent production of nitric oxide. The mechanism(s) of how extracellular free fatty acid influences eNOS activity is not understood. One possibility is through interaction with CD36, a class B scavenger receptor that is expressed on the surface of numerous ce...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Myristic Acid Stimulates Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase in a CD36- and an AMP Kinase-dependent Manner

Zhu¹,

Smart²

2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Direct inorganic precipitation using soluble carbonate and calcium salts as initial materials produced irregular aragonite crystals (5,6). This method was modified by doping calcium salt solutions with small amounts of Sr 2ϩ , Ba 2ϩ , and Pb 2ϩ (7)(8)(9). Another approach consisted of blowing CO 2 containing inert gas into a suspension of CaCl 2 -MgCl 2 -Mg(OH) 2 (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Uniform Needle-Like Aragonite Particles by Homogeneous Precipitation

Wang

Sondi

Matijević

1999

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

275

190

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“…Diagnosis.-The male of this species differs from most other east Asian Phrurolithus, except P. vulpes Kamura 2001 andP. pennatus Yaginuma 1967, in having a bifid tibial apophysis on the palpus.…”

Section: Phrurolithus Bifidus New Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three New Species of the Spider Genus Phrurolithus From China (Araneae, Corinnidae)

Yin

Ubick

Youhui

et al. 2004

Journal of Arachnology

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Seven species of the families Liocranidae and Corinnidae (Araneae) from Japan and Taiwan

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Myristic Acid Stimulates Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase in a CD36- and an AMP Kinase-dependent Manner

Myristic Acid Stimulates Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase in a CD36- and an AMP Kinase-dependent Manner

Preparation of Uniform Needle-Like Aragonite Particles by Homogeneous Precipitation

Three New Species of the Spider Genus Phrurolithus From China (Araneae, Corinnidae)

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