Settling distances of benthic invertebrates in a sediment mobilization simulation in semi-natural flumes

Bruno, M.C.; Carolli, Mauro; Maiolini, B.

doi:10.4081/jlimnol.2015.1324

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…These cues may have occurred in the Birthday Creek floods, but they did not presage the experimental rock rolling or riffle raking, so the rapidity of response to those disturbances is noteworthy. Our small-scale brick experiments underpinned the rapidity with which denuded areas can be repopulated from surrounding undisturbed patches (Townsend and Hildrew 1976;Pearson and Jones 1987;Resh et al 1988;Bruno et al 2016). Our results supported our prediction 7 that recovery would be inversely related to scale of disturbance.…”

Section: Resilience and Scale In Tropical Streamssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Our prediction 1, that pools would provide a disturbance refuge, was supported as they accumulated fauna, as elsewhere (Benson and Pearson 1987a;Palmer et al 1996;Bruno et al 2016). Prediction 2, that recovery would not be rapid at the whole-stream scale, was partly supported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The incorporation of disturbance into concepts of stream ecosystem structure and function is based largely on many temperate-zone studies, which were developed in the 1980s and 1990s (Stanley et al 2010), but continue to generate research interest (e.g. Robinson 2012;Peckarsky et al 2014;Woodward et al 2015;Bruno et al 2016). While the effects of natural disturbance on stream fauna may be universal (Vinson and Hawkins 2003;Boulton et al 2008), evidence for the tropics is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrology, hydraulics and scale influence macroinvertebrate responses to disturbance in tropical streams

Rosser

Pearson

2017

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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Despite much research on the influence of disturbance on stream macroinvertebrates, comparative information on tropical streams is limited. We assessed disturbance influence on assemblages under different conditions of hydrology (aseasonal and seasonal) and hydraulics (pools, riffles and stream morphology) by sampling a stream in the Australian Wet Tropics (AWT) pre-and post-flood, and by undertaking experiments at whole-riffle and single-stone scales in several streams in the AWT and Papua New Guinea (PNG). The fauna was very mobile in all streams, facilitating recolonisation. Resilience (recovery) was strongly related to scalerapid in single-stone experiments (2-4 d) and least following whole-stream disturbance (»45 d, comparable with some temperate systems), indicating the importance of scale in understanding disturbance. Local undisturbed patches and pools acted as refugia and provided colonists at least partly via drift. The presence of all life stages of most species through the year and rapid development would facilitate recovery. Multiple disturbances had similar impact to single events, resulting in a reduced but resilient fauna. Resilience was not greatly different in more regularly disturbed sites, but richness was lower in PNG than AWT possibly due to their different disturbance regimes. Disturbance selects a sustained fauna that is resilient (or tuned) to the prevailing disturbance regime.

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Section: Resilience and Scale In Tropical Streamssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrology, hydraulics and scale influence macroinvertebrate responses to disturbance in tropical streams

Rosser

Pearson

2017

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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“…They consist in part of physical environmental constraints to dispersion, for instance, the presence and distribution of areas of low flow velocity within a channel (Brooks et al, ). They also include the tendency of the organisms to enter drift and the behaviour of the organisms in the drift, for instance, active downward swimming or change in body posture, which also determines the distance travelled and the time spent in the drift (Lancaster, ; Oldmeadow, Lancaster, & Rice, ; Bruno, Carolli, & Maiolini, ). Small‐scale random movements along the streambed of the order of centimetres may also reduce downstream advection by compensating for previous drift events (Humphries & Ruxton, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laboratory and field studies show that predisposition to drift during events of high flow varies greatly between taxa (e.g., Bruno et al, ). This predisposition may depend on ecological, morphological, and behavioural traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter‐current swimming of lotic copepods as a possible mechanism for drift avoidance

2018

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Benthic invertebrates in streams and rivers face a dominant downstream flow that may impose drift. The mechanisms that allow organisms to maintain their position instead of being swept downstream are not well known. One possible strategy involves active behaviour: Organisms perform small‐scale counter‐current displacements along the streambed. Because these fine‐scale processes are difficult to approach in field studies, evidence for behavioural mechanisms against flow advection has remained scarce. We reconstruct the three‐dimensional trajectories of the widespread cyclopoid copepod Eucyclops serrulatus moving freely in the water column and in the transparent sediment bed of a laboratory flume. In the different experiments, the average flow velocity is 12, 35, and 67 mm/s. We isolate the behavioural component of their motion by subtracting the local flow velocity. We show that copepods stay preferentially within the interstitial space of the sediment bed or close to its surface from which they perform frequent excursions in the water column. We also show that copepods perform active counter‐current swimming to limit downstream drift. The counter‐current swimming effort increases with flow velocity, and therefore, downstream drift remains moderate and does not vary strongly for the different flow rates tested. This active behavioural response to changing flow conditions, combined with frequent stops in the substratum where flow velocity is negligible, may confer lotic copepods the ability to reduce downstream transport. Our results confirm the importance of behaviour in drift avoidance and may evoke further research on taxon‐specific responses to varying hydraulic conditions.

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Quantifying the ecological effects of water abstraction in Alpine streams through flume simulations

et al. 2022

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Water abstraction by small hydropower plants is a growing human pressure on Alpine stream ecosystems. Using a set of seminatural streamside flumes, we investigated the response of benthic invertebrate communities to a 50% experimental reduction of the natural discharge. We collected EPT taxa from upstream (control) and downstream (flow reduction) sections of the flumes before starting the simulations, and after 1 and 3 weeks of simulated flow reduction, while also collecting invertebrates drifting from each section every 24–48 h. Despite an initial (i.e., before simulation) difference in benthic densities and diversity between controls and treatments, these metrics changed and differed over time, with the reduced flow section becoming more diverse and with less individuals. Taxonomic composition differed between flow types, with a short‐term (1 week after the beginning of flow reduction) increase of taxonomic heterogeneity. There was no evidence that flow reduction affected functional diversity and homogenized functional composition of the communities. Drift composition differed between flow types with drift rates and richness lower under reduced flow. Functional dispersion was always significantly lower in the drift collected in low‐flow conditions where drift propensity was significantly higher for animals preferring medium to fast currents, living temporarily attached to the substrate and feeding as passive filterers; drift propensity was slightly lower for organisms moving as crawlers. Hence, short‐term taxonomic and functional changes in benthic invertebrate communities with reduction in flow are likely related to behavioural responses such as drift, thus providing insight on the potential mechanisms underlying community‐level effects of water abstraction.

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Settling distances of benthic invertebrates in a sediment mobilization simulation in semi-natural flumes

Abstract: Drift time and distance depend on the ability of the drifting invertebrates to alter their body posture or by swimming, and these behaviours may change according to the local hydraulic environment, resulting in different distances

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Hydrology, hydraulics and scale influence macroinvertebrate responses to disturbance in tropical streams

Hydrology, hydraulics and scale influence macroinvertebrate responses to disturbance in tropical streams

Counter‐current swimming of lotic copepods as a possible mechanism for drift avoidance

Quantifying the ecological effects of water abstraction in Alpine streams through flume simulations

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