Setting reaction of zinc oxide and eugenol

Copeland, Henry I.; Bräuer, G.; Sweeney, W.T.; Forziati, A.F.

doi:10.6028/jres.055.013

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…This explains the drop in the peak at 1190 cm −1 representing the COH group involved in the setting and the appearance of new peaks at 1350 and 1500 cm −1 (Copeland et al . , Chowdhry et al , Khan et al ) (Fig. c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Real‐time chemical analysis of root filling materials with heating: guidelines for safe temperature levels

Atmeh

Camilleri

2020

Int Endodontic J

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Atmeh AR, Hadis M, Camilleri J. Real-time chemical analysis of root filling materials with heating: guidelines for safe temperature levels. International Endodontic Journal, 53, -708, 2020. Aim To investigate the chemical changes affecting different types of gutta-percha and endodontic sealers during heating, and correlate changes with the heating capacity of different heat carriers. Methodology The heating capacity of three endodontic heat carriers was evaluated using thermocouples to produce heat profiles. The devices were activated at different temperature set-ups, in continuous or cut-out modes. Chemical changes of six brands of gutta-percha and four types of sealers were assessed in real time during heating using micro-Raman spectroscopy equipped with a heating stage. Raman spectra of each tested material were averaged and compared at different temperature levels. The sealers were further assessed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Results None of the tested heat carriers achieved the temperature levels that were set by the devices and recommended by the manufacturer. The use of continuous heating mode resulted in higher rises in temperature than the 4 s cut-out mode that reached 110°C. The various brands of gutta-percha exhibited different chemical changes in response to heat. Some changes even occurred below temperature levels generated by the heating devices. All sealers revealed changes in their chemical composition upon heating. Changes in epoxy resin-and zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers were detectable at 100°C, with structural alterations beyond that temperature and irreversible changes after cooling. Water loss was irreversible in BioRoot, but its chemical structure was stable as well as for the TotalFill. Conclusions The heating capacity of endodontic heat carriers needs to be standardized, so that the temperatures delivered by the tips are the same as that set on the dial. Practitioners should be aware of the actual temperatures generated by these devices, and the suitability of sealers to be used at the temperature levels achieved. 698

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Real‐time chemical analysis of root filling materials with heating: guidelines for safe temperature levels

Atmeh

Camilleri

2020

Int Endodontic J

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“…Mixing the ZnO powder with Eu‐based liquid triggers the setting reaction and allows the formation of Zn(OH) 2 and zinc eugenolate (IR band at 1319 cm −1 ) in the presence of humidity. This setting reaction is reversible in an aqueous environment and the superficial eugenolate undergoes hydrolysis leaching free Eu and zinc hydroxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biointeractivity-related versus chemi/physisorption-related apatite precursor-forming ability of current root end filling materials

Gandolfi

Taddei

Modena

et al. 2013

J. Biomed. Mater. Res

114

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Commercial root end filling materials, namely two zinc oxide eugenol-based cements [intermediate restorative material (IRM), Superseal], a glass ionomer cement (Vitrebond) and three calcium-silicate mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-based cements (ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, and Tech Biosealer root end), were examined for their ability to: (a) release calcium (Ca(2+) ) and hydroxyl (OH(-) ) ions (biointeractivity) and (b) form apatite (Ap) and/or calcium phosphate (CaP) precursors. Materials were immersed in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) for 1-28 days. Ca(2+) and OH(-) release were measured by ion selective probes, surface analysis was performed by environmental scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis, micro-Raman, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. IRM and Superseal released small quantities of Ca(2+) and no OH(-) ions. Uneven sparse nonapatitic Ca-poor amorphous CaP (ACP) deposits were observed after 24 h soaking. Vitrebond did not release either Ca(2+) or OH(-) ions, but uneven nonapatitic Ca-poor CaP deposits were detected after 7 days soaking. ProRoot MTA, MTA Angelus, and Tech Biosealer root end released significant amounts of Ca(2+) and OH(-) ions throughout the experiment. After 1 day soaking, nanospherulites of CaP deposits formed by amorphous calcium/magnesium phosphate (ACP) Ap precursors were detected. A more mature ACP phase was present on ProRoot MTA and on Tech Biosealer root end at all times. In conclusion, zinc oxide and glass ionomer cements had little or no ability to release mineralizing ions: they simply act as substrates for the possible chemical bonding/adsorption of environmental ions and precipitation of nonapatitic Ca-poor ACP deposits. On the contrary, calcium-silicate cements showed a high calcium release and basifying effect and generally a pronounced formation of more mature ACP apatitic precursors correlated with their higher ion-releasing ability.

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“…Since water is generated in this reaction and is also known to promote it, then the reaction can be regarded as an autocatalytic one. Also, the reaction is an ionic one, since salt formation is involved, and must, therefore, involve the interaction of zinc ions, in one form or another, with eugenol or eugenolate ions: The latter interaction may be slight, since eugenol is only weakly ionized; however, the production of E-ions will be increased by the presence of water HE + H20 = H30+ + E ........... (4).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cements. V. Instrumental Studies of the Catalysis and Acceleration of the Setting Reaction

Crisp¹,

Ambersley²,

Wilson³

1980

J Dent Res

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Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) cements were prepared by mixing powders of widely differing reactivity with a variety of liquid formulations. The course of the setting reaction was followed by penetrometer, rheological and electrical techniques. Small amounts of water, organic acids, and the reactivity of water, organic acids, and the reactivity of the zinc oxide all have a profound influence on the setting characteristics of cement pastes.

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Setting reaction of zinc oxide and eugenol

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

Real‐time chemical analysis of root filling materials with heating: guidelines for safe temperature levels

Real‐time chemical analysis of root filling materials with heating: guidelines for safe temperature levels

Biointeractivity-related versus chemi/physisorption-related apatite precursor-forming ability of current root end filling materials

Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cements. V. Instrumental Studies of the Catalysis and Acceleration of the Setting Reaction

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