Sesquiterpenes from an Egyptian Herbal Medicine, Pulicaria undulate, with Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide Production in RAW264.7 Macrophage Cells

Abstract

The methylene chloride-methanol (1 : 1) extract from the air-dried aerial parts of wild Pulicaria undulata collected in North Sinia, Egypt, showed inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 macrophages. From the extract, three new sesquiterpenes named 5α-hydroperoxyivalin, 8-epi-xanthanol, and 8-epi-isoxanthanol were isolated together with four known sesquiterpenes. The structure of each new sesquiterpenes was determined on the basis of physicochemical and chemical evidence. In addition, all the sesquiterpenoids significantly inhibited the production of NO. Ivalin (IC 50 2.0 μM) and 2α-hydroxyalantolactone (1.8 μM) showed particularly strong inhibitory effects, but had strong cytotoxic effects as well. Furthermore, ivalin and 2α-hydroxyalantolactone concentration-dependently reduced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) protein levels in RAW264.7 cells.

Chemical Structure of an Acylated Oleanane-type Triterpene Oligoglycoside and Anti-inflammatory Constituents from the Flower Buds of Camellia sinensis

“…The screening test for NO production using a murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7 cells [ATCC No. TIB-71, obtained from Dainippon Pharmaceutical (Osaka, Japan)] was evaluated according to a previous report with a slight modification [18]. Briefly, RAW264.7 cells were cultured in DMEM, and the suspension seeded into a 96-well microplate at 2.5×10 5 cells/100 L/well.…”

Caryophyllene Sesquiterpenes from Pulicaria vulgarisGaertn.: Isolation, Structure Determination, Bioactivity and Structure−Activity Relationship

“…[2] Pulicaria species are also employed in traditional medicine in several countries and are beneficial in the treatment of a variety of illnesses such as flu, intestinal disorders [1] and inflammation. [4][5][6][7] Plants of Pulicaria have been found to be rich in sesquiterpenes, [8 -12] caryophyllene derivatives, [13 -15] diterpenes [16] and flavonoids, [17,18] which possessed a wide range of pharmaceutical uses such as cytotoxic, [19,20] antibacterial, [20,21] anti-inflammatory, [22] antihistaminic, [23] antifungal, [24] insecticide, [25] anticancer, [26,27] inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophage cells [28] and leishmanicidal [29] activities. They have displayed good antifungal, antimycobacterial, anticancer and antityrosinase activities.…”

Potency of extracts from selected Egyptian plants as inducers of the Nrf2-dependent chemopreventive enzyme NQO1

“…As part of our continuing work to investigate and biologically evaluate the Egyptian wild and medicinal plants, the present study aimed to document the ethno-medicinal and/or recommended uses [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Here In the present study, eleven plants from different families were solvent extracted with either [MeOH:H 2 O (7:3) and CH 2 Cl 2 : MeOH (1:1)].…”