Service innovation: policing mental health – the St Andrew's scheme

Mann, Alison; Sugarman, Philip; Rooney, Carol; Goodman, Mary Ellen; Lynch, Jim

doi:10.1192/pb.bp.106.011007

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Regarding adverse aspects of patient contact, the staff narratives in our study followed much other evidence in suggesting that more needs to be done to reduce violence towards staff. Proposed avenues include closer links with police and more use of judiciously targeted prosecutions, security staff on wards, training for staff in reducing violence, environmental audits, greater attention to procedures for ensuring staff and patient safety, and clinical interventions targeting violence in specific clinical groups, such as patients with personality disorders [ 28 - 31 ]. Strategies also appear to be needed to improve the current rather passive and fatalistic response to staff who have experienced violence, for example by at least offering them supportive meetings with supervisors and/or managers and monitoring their response to incidents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting staff morale on inpatient mental health wards in England: a qualitative investigation

et al. 2011

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BackgroundGood morale among staff on inpatient psychiatric wards is an important requirement for the maintenance of strong therapeutic alliances and positive patient experiences, and for the successful implementation of initiatives to improve care. More understanding is needed of mechanisms underlying good and poor morale.MethodWe conducted individual and group interviews with staff of a full range of disciplines and levels of seniority on seven NHS in-patient wards of varying types in England.ResultsInpatient staff feel sustained in their potentially stressful roles by mutual loyalty and trust within cohesive ward teams. Clear roles, supportive ward managers and well designed organisational procedures and structures maintain good morale. Perceived threats to good morale include staffing levels that are insufficient for staff to feel safe and able to spend time with patients, the high risk of violence, and lack of voice in the wider organisation.ConclusionsIncreasing employee voice, designing jobs so as to maximise autonomy within clear and well-structured operational protocols, promoting greater staff-patient contact and improving responses to violence may contribute more to inpatient staff morale than formal support mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting staff morale on inpatient mental health wards in England: a qualitative investigation

et al. 2011

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“…Colocation was a model reported in five articles from Australia, 28 the UK 77 and USA. 94 100 144 In this model, mental health professionals were employed by police departments to provide on-site and telephone consultations to officers in the field.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another variant of the colocation model involved a dedicated police officer being based in an office within a mental health hospital; an example of this is the ‘Police Liaison Forum’. 77 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interagency collaboration models for people with mental ill health in contact with the police: a systematic scoping review

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveTo identify existing evidence on interagency collaboration between law enforcement, emergency services, statutory services and third sector agencies regarding people with mental ill health.DesignSystematic scoping review. Scoping reviews map particular research areas to identify research gaps.Data sources and eligibilityASSIA, CENTRAL, the Cochrane Library databases, Criminal Justice Abstracts, ERIC, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PROSPERO and Social Care Online and Social Sciences Citation Index were searched up to 2017, as were grey literature and hand searches. Eligible articles were empirical evaluations or descriptions of models of interagency collaboration between the police and other agencies.Study appraisal and synthesisScreening and data extraction were undertaken independently by two researchers. Arksey’s framework was used to collate and map included studies.ResultsOne hundred and twenty-five studies were included. The majority of articles were of descriptions of models (28%), mixed methods evaluations of models (18%) and single service evaluations (14%). The most frequently reported outcomes (52%) were ‘organisational or service level outcomes’ (eg, arrest rates). Most articles (53%) focused on adults with mental ill health, whereas others focused on adult offenders with mental ill health (17.4%). Thirteen models of interagency collaboration were described, each involving between 2 and 13 agencies. Frequently reported models were ‘prearrest diversion’ of people with mental ill health (34%), ‘coresponse’ involving joint response by police officers paired with mental health professionals (28.6%) and ‘jail diversion’ following arrest (23.8%).ConclusionsWe identified 13 different interagency collaboration models catering for a range of mental health-related interactions. All but one of these models involved the police and mental health services or professionals. Several models have sufficient literature to warrant full systematic reviews of their effectiveness, whereas others need robust evaluation, by randomised controlled trial where appropriate. Future evaluations should focus on health-related outcomes and the impact on key stakeholders.

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Service innovation: policing mental health – the St Andrew's scheme

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Factors affecting staff morale on inpatient mental health wards in England: a qualitative investigation

Factors affecting staff morale on inpatient mental health wards in England: a qualitative investigation

Interagency collaboration models for people with mental ill health in contact with the police: a systematic scoping review

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