Service encounters across the lifespan in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: Results from a multisite study in Latin America

Montiel-Nava, Cecilia; Cukier, Sebastián; Garrido, Gabriela; Valdez, Daniel; Paula, Cristiane Silvestre de; Garcı́a, Ricardo; Rosoli, Analia; Irarrázaval, Matías; Rattazzi, Alexia

doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101670

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…With higher levels of physical and mental health difficulties (Fortuna et al, 2016), children on the autism spectrum have to attend more likely general practitioner or outpatient healthcare visits than their age-matched typically developing peers (Weiss et al, 2018;Zerbo et al, 2019). In addition to general healthcare needs, on average, families report using multiple interventions or therapies for their child (Thomas et al, 2007), with families reporting (on average) 3-4 h of therapy appointments per week for schoolaged children and adolescents (Montiel-Nava et al, 2020). With this large number of therapy appointments to schedule and the challenge of fitting appointments into a work or school schedule being identified as a barrier to accessing therapy for children on the autism spectrum (Adams & Young, 2020), it is understandable why parents have to schedule appointments so that school is missed.…”

Section: Frequency and Reasons For School Non-attendancementioning

confidence: 99%

Child and Parental Mental Health as Correlates of School Non-Attendance and School Refusal in Children on the Autism Spectrum

Adams

2021

J Autism Dev Disord

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Children on the autism spectrum miss more school than their peers, but limited work has explored why this may be. This study aimed to document the frequency at which children on the autism spectrum miss half and full days of school and the reasons for these absences. Parents of 106 school-aged children on the autism spectrum completed online questionnaires on rates of school non-attendance, family factors, child anxiety, and parental mental health. On average across a four week period, children missed 6 full days of school. The most common reason for full-day absences was school refusal and for half-day absences was medical/therapy appointments. Parental employment status, increased child age, child anxiety, and differing aspects of parental mental health were identified as correlates of specific subtypes of school non-attendance.

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Section: Frequency and Reasons For School Non-attendancementioning

confidence: 99%

Child and Parental Mental Health as Correlates of School Non-Attendance and School Refusal in Children on the Autism Spectrum

Adams

2021

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…In line with previous studies, almost half of the sample used medication. The difference in medication usage between children and adults in Latin America (37% vs. 49%) is not as alarming as the difference in allied health services (Montiel‐Nava et al, 2020). The survey did not inquire about type of medication used, preventing further analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, doctors could use medication as a palliative measure to help adults cope with the daily challenges associated with autistic symptoms and comorbid conditions (Fusar-Poli et al, 2019). Current evidence, along with these new data, highlights the many systemic barriers experienced by adult autistic individuals and their families in low and middleincome countries, hindering their ability to access and benefit from health services (Durkin et al, 2015;Montiel-Nava et al, 2020;Paula et al, 2020). One of the main barriers refers to policy restrictions set by insurance companies (; Day et al, 2020;Friedman et al, 2013;Hansel, 2013;Lake et al, 2014;Raymaker et al, 2017;Shattuck et al, 2020;Vogan et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of allied‐health services and medication among adults with ASD in Latin America

et al. 2021

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ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects people across the entire lifespan, yet most of the research identifying the health and medical needs for autistic individuals have been among minors. As individuals with ASD transition to emerging adulthood, the services, already limited, become less available. This study aimed to identify the use of services for Latin American adults on the spectrum. We surveyed 295 caregivers of adults with ASD from six Latin American countries. Comparing the results for all the possible services observed in this study, the adults in our sample were primarily underserved: 84.4%–95.9% were receiving zero hours per week, 3.7%–12.9% 1%–10 h, 0%–1.7% 11–20, and only 0%–1% above 20 h of services. Almost half of the sample used medication, and neurologists were the most consulted health providers. Next to inexistent health care usage in Latin American adults with ASD highlights socioeconomic and health disparities in service provision for ASD in the region. The lack of services places adults with ASD in Latin America at a higher risk of worse symptom severity than autistic adults from regions with broader access to services. Lay Summary This study aimed to identify the quantity of services received by adults with autism in Latin America. Most of our sample was not receiving health services yet almost half had access to medication. This could mean that adults with autism in Latin America are at higher risk for poorer health.

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“…Nos hemos centrado en la investigación de las necesidades de las personas con autismo y sus cuidadores, sus desafíos y oportunidades, las coberturas de salud, de educación, acceso a los tratamientos, organizaciones y redes de familias de personas con autismo e incidencia en políticas enfrentando al covid-19: situación de las personas con autismo y sus familias en latinoamérica d. valdez, c. montiel, c. silvestre, a. rattazzi, a. rosoli, n. barrios, s. cukier, r. garcía... públicas. Del mismo modo, hemos estudiado dimensiones de la calidad de vida, acceso a diferentes servicios y estigmatización a causa del diagnóstico (Montiel et al, 2020). Hemos encontrado que la edad promedio de indicadores de riesgo de autismo en nuestros países es de 23 meses mientras que el diagnóstico se recibe hacia los 53 meses (Montiel et al, 2019).…”

Section: Perspectiva Global Del Autismo La Necesidad De Cerrar Brechasunclassified

Enfrentando al Covid-19: situación de las personas con autismo y sus familias en Latinoamérica

Valdez¹,

Nava

Paula

et al. 2021

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Presentamos un estudio multicéntrico realizado a través de una encuesta en línea a 1826 familias de personas con TEA de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México, Perú, República Dominicana, Uruguay y Venezuela. Nuestro objetivo es describir el impacto de la pandemia –y el aislamiento social– en la conducta, el estado de ánimo, el sueño y la alimentación de las personas con TEA. A tal fin hemos relevado características sociodemográficas, habitacionales y modalidad de confinamiento. Analizamos los efectos de la discontinuidad de los servicios educativos y terapéuticos y valoramos los alcances de las intervenciones a distancia. Algunas de las consecuencias del confinamiento –obligatorio para la mayoría– han sido el aumento de irritabilidad en las personas con TEA, el incremento de la conducta de deambular, mayores niveles de ansiedad, dificultades en alimentación, sueño y concentración. La mayor parte de las familias han notado retrocesos en sus hijos durante el encierro. Se destacan los efectos beneficiosos de salidas y paseos. Muchos tratamientos y clases se han suspendido. Se subrayan positivamente las intervenciones a distancia. La crisis actual debería ser una oportunidad para reorganizar dispositivos de educación y tratamiento, atendiendo a la necesidad de cambios, con una perspectiva más ecológica, inclusiva y amigable con el autismo.

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Service encounters across the lifespan in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: Results from a multisite study in Latin America

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

Child and Parental Mental Health as Correlates of School Non-Attendance and School Refusal in Children on the Autism Spectrum

Child and Parental Mental Health as Correlates of School Non-Attendance and School Refusal in Children on the Autism Spectrum

Use of allied‐health services and medication among adults with ASD in Latin America

Enfrentando al Covid-19: situación de las personas con autismo y sus familias en Latinoamérica

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