Serumantikörper gegen die Komponenten der Diphtherie-Tetanus-Pertussis-Vakzine bei polnischen Kindern in Beziehung zum Impfstatus

Torbicka, E; Lagergård, Teresa; Trollfors, Birger

doi:10.1007/bf01781199

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…While the reason for this difference is poorly understood, it is most likely due to the quantity of each one of these antigens present in the cellular vaccine, in agreement with findings reported by other authors who demonstrated wide variations in antibody levels induced by diverse cellular vaccines [54,55]. Regarding the persistence of antibodies against these two antigens, results obtained in the adult group show that anti-PT levels decline over time, whereas those of anti-FHA remain high, similar to findings from other parts of the world [56,57]. Presumably, exposure to Bordetella parapertussis, which also expresses FHA, or to cross-reacting antigens of other bacteria, may explain the persistence of raised anti-FHA levels in adults.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children

et al. 1997

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The Argentine vaccination schedule against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) recommends three doses of DTP vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 months of age, two boosters at 18 months and 6 years, a booster dose of tetanus vaccine every 10 years and two doses during pregnancy. To evaluate the effect of this schedule, antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) and filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and against tetanus and diphtheria toxoids were determined by ELISA in serum samples from children (1 month to 6 years) who received different doses of DPT vaccine: 0 dose (n = 50), 1 dose (n = 25), 2 doses (n = 25), 3 doses (n = 55), first and second booster (n = 25); 25 pregnant women and their offspring, and 45 adults. High antibody levels against PT (> 140 EU/ml) and FHA (> 80 EU/ml) were recorded in mothers and in the newborn. Antibody titers against PT increased with the number of doses given and decreased with time. Full protection against tetanus (titers > 0.1 IU/ml) was observed in the group of adults (0.37 IU/ml), in mothers (4.4 IU/ml) and their newborn offspring (5.5 IU/ml), and in children after receiving the second dose of DTP vaccine (1.86 IU/ml). The immune status for diphtheria was far lower, as most of the groups lacked adequate protection. After the third dose of DTP vaccine, only 78% of the children had antibody titers above the protective level (0.1 IU/ml). Since antibody levels considered to provide full protection were only achieved after the first booster dose of DTP vaccine, the primary three-dose schedule seems to be insufficient to confer adequate immunity in all vaccinees. Because of the high proportion of non-protected adults, a booster dose of Td vaccine should be considered for this group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children

et al. 1997

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Urinary Tract Diseases Revealed after DTP Vaccination in Infants and Young Children

Prandota¹

2004

American Journal of Therapeutics

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Prophylactic vaccinations may sometimes shorten the incubation period of some illnesses and/or convert a latent infection/inflammation into a clinically apparent disease. Cytokines play a major role in mediating the inflammatory process in various clinical entities and represent a potential source of tissue damage if their production is not sufficiently well controlled. It seems that irregularities in production of proinflammatory cytokines may be responsible for the abnormalities associated with full-blown clinical symptoms of various urinary tract diseases observed after DTP vaccination in 13 infants and young children hospitalized over the past 24 years. On admission, upper respiratory tract diseases, atopic dermatitis, and/or latent urinary tract infection/inflammation were found in these children. It is suggested that the whole-cell pertussis present in DTP vaccine, acting as an excessive stimulus in these patients, produced symptoms reminiscent of biologic responses to circulating proinflammatory monokines such as IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 because earlier it was reported that in vitro the whole-cell vaccine induced significantly more such cytokine production than did the acellular pertussis or diphtheria-tetanus-only vaccine. Analysis of the cellular immune disturbances previously reported in urinary tract infection/inflammation (increased serum and/or urinary IL-1alpha, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6 and IL-8), steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (increased IL-2, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and decreased or increased IL-4, depending on the cells studied), and atopic dermatitis (decreased IFN-gamma and increased IL-4 production), may suggest that similar subclinical chronic cytokine-mediated abnormalities produced in the course of latent diseases revealed in our patients, combined with those caused by DTP vaccination stimulus, were responsible for the pathomechanism of these clinical entities. This speculation is in agreement with the reports on the long-lasting induction of cytokine release and down-regulation of hepatic cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme activities after administration of DTP vaccine to mice and may be supported by the fact that TH1 phenotype is associated with the up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and RANTES, whereas TH2 phenotype is associated with the up-regulation of the vascular cell adhesion molecule and P-selectin, which are key players in the migration into inflamed tissues and localization of lymphocytes and other allergic effector and inflammatory cells. Because several inflammatory cytokines down-regulate gene expression of major cytochrome P-450 and/or other enzymes with the specific effects on mRNA levels, protein expression, and enzyme activity, thus affecting the metabolism of several endogenous lipophilic substances such as steroids, lipid-soluble vitamins, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, and exogenous substances, their irregularities in the body may eventually lead to the flare of latent diseases in some predisposed subjects. Also, interleukin genetic ...

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Serumantikörper gegen die Komponenten der Diphtherie-Tetanus-Pertussis-Vakzine bei polnischen Kindern in Beziehung zum Impfstatus

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children

Serum antibodies to diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine components in Argentine children

Urinary Tract Diseases Revealed after DTP Vaccination in Infants and Young Children

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