Serum zinc and pneumonia in nursing home elderly

Meydani, Simin Nikbin; Barnett, Junaidah B.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Fine, Basil C.; Jacques, Paul F.; Leka, Lynette S.; Hamer, Davidson H.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/86.4.1167

Cited by 126 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Zinc supplementation reduces both the risk and duration of pneumonia in children and is also beneficial in the management of infantile diarrhea [10,12,81]. Zinc supplementation to maintain a normal serum concentration may help to reduce the mean incidence of infections (i.e., common cold, cold sores and flu) [81] as well as the incidence of pneumonia and associated morbidity in the elderly [82]. It has been reported that adequate zinc supply could prevent age-related diseases in the elderly such as cancer, atherosclerosis, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, etc.…”

Section: Immune Function and Upper Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Maggini¹,

Maldonado²,

Cardim³

et al. 2017

Vitam Miner

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The immune system is a complex and sophisticated network of specialized tissues, organs, cells, proteins, and chemicals which has evolved in order to protect the host from a range of dangerous agents such as bacteria, virus, fungi, and parasites. There is a close relationship between nutritional status and immune function. Hence, immunocompetence can be regarded as a measure of adequate nutrition. Inter-individual variations in many immune functions exist within the normal healthy population and are due to age, genetics, gender, ethnic background, socioeconomic situation, diet, stress, habitual levels of exercise, alcohol consumption, smoking habits, etc. In addition, seasonal and temperature changes as well as being in crowded spaces (e.g., while commuting in public means of transportation, or working in open space offices) pose an additional burden on the immune system. Here we review the literature on the immune supportive properties of vitamins C, D and zinc and the impact of their supplementation in reducing the incidence or ameliorating symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, which are among the most common infections in humans. Finally, we discuss their relevance in situations known to challenge the immune system such as exposure to temperature changes, to pollutants, or being in crowded spaces which serve as mixers where pathogens can stay suspended and transfer from host to host thereby increasing the risk of spreading infectious diseases because of close contact and long exposure.

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Section: Immune Function and Upper Respiratory Tract Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Maggini¹,

Maldonado²,

Cardim³

et al. 2017

Vitam Miner

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“…La suplementación con zinc puede reducir el estrés oxidativo, la inflamación y la incidencia de infección (122)(123)(124). Se ha propuesto el zinc para competir con metales prooxidantes, evitando así la formación de radicales libres (125,126).…”

Section: Zincunclassified

Telómeros Y Calidad De La Dieta: Una Revision Sistematica

Marti¹,

Echeverría

Morell‐Azanza

et al. 2017

Nutr Hosp

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Palabras clave:Telómeros. Dieta mediterránea. Estrés oxidative. ADN. ResumenFundamento: existen pocos estudios que hayan evaluado la relación entre la calidad de la dieta y la integridad telómerica en humanos. Los telómeros son regiones de ADN no codificante que se encuentran en los extremos de los cromosomas, cuya longitud además de indicar la esperanza de vida, indica el estado global de salud. El objetivo de la presente revisión sistemática es recopilar la evidencia existente sobre la relación entre la longitud de los telómeros y la calidad de la dieta para conocer el impacto que algunos nutrientes, alimentos y patrones dietéticos pueden tener sobre la homeostasis telomérica y por lo tanto, sobre la salud en general. Material y métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en la base de datos PubMed para identificar los artículos publicados (en inglés o español) hasta diciembre de 2016 que cumplían los siguientes criterios: incluían sujetos humanos; eran estudios transversales; estudios de casos y controles; estudios de cohortes prospectivos o estudios de intervención; que evaluaban la relación de los nutrientes, alimentos o patrones dietéticos con la longitud de los telómeros. La estrategia de búsqueda incluía las siguientes palabras clave: nutrients or food OR food groups OR diet OR dietary pattern OR eating pattern OR dietary habits OR diet type AND telomere attrition OR telomere length. En total, se incluyeron 19 estudios transversales, cinco estudios de casos y controles, cinco estudios de cohortes prospectivos y dos estudios de intervención, incluyendo aquellos artículos que se encontraron por listas de referencias de otras publicaciones. Resultados: se encontraron asociaciones positivas entre la longitud de los telómeros y la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y el consumo de verduras y frutas. Los resultados obtenidos para otros nutrientes, alimentos o patrones dietéticos fueron incoherentes, aunque parece que las carnes procesadas, los cereales, el alcohol y las bebidas endulzadas podrían estar asociados con telómeros más cortos. Conclusiones: la intervención dietética, y en particular la promoción de una dieta de estilo mediterráneo, podría desempeñar un papel en la protección de la integridad telomérica. Key words:Telomere. Mediterranean diet. Oxidative stress. DNA. AbstractBackground: Few studies have evaluated the relationship between diet quality and telomere integrity in humans. Telomeres are regions of non-coding DNA localized at the end of each chromosome whose length, in addition to indicating life expectancy, indicates an overall health status. The objective of this systematic review is to compile the existing evidence on the relationship between telomere length and diet quality to further explore the impact that some nutrients, foods and dietary patterns may have on telomere homeostasis and therefore, in precision nutrition strategies. Material and methods: A bibliographic review was performed in the PubMed database to identify published articles (in English or Spanish) until December 201...

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“…Previously, we showed that a high proportion of nursing home elderly (w30%) had low serum zinc concentrations at baseline and after 1 y of follow-up (4). In that study, we observed that elderly patients with low serum zinc concentrations (,70 mg/dL) had a significantly higher incidence and longer duration of pneumonia, as well as all-cause mortality, than did those with adequate serum zinc concentrations ($70 mg/dL) (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of zinc supplementation on serum zinc concentration and T cell proliferation in nursing home elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Barnett

Dao

Hamer

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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114

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Background: Zinc is essential for the regulation of immune response. T cell function declines with age. Zinc supplementation has the potential to improve the serum zinc concentrations and immunity of nursing home elderly with a low serum zinc concentration. Objective: We aimed to determine the effect of supplementation with 30 mg Zn/d for 3 mo on serum zinc concentrations of zincdeficient nursing home elderly. Design: This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Of 53 nursing home elderly (aged $65 y) who met eligibility criteria, 58% had a low serum zinc concentration (serum zinc ,70 mg/dL); these 31 were randomly assigned to zinc (30 mg Zn/d) (n = 16) or placebo (5 mg Zn/d) (n = 15) groups. The primary outcome measure was change in serum zinc concentrations between baseline and month 3. We also explored the effects of supplementation on immune response. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in the 2 groups. The difference in the mean change in serum zinc was significantly higher, by 16%, in the zinc group than in the placebo group (P = 0.007) when baseline zinc concentrations were controlled for. In addition, controlling for baseline C-reactive protein, copper, or albumin did not change the results. However, supplementation of participants with #60 mg serum Zn/dL failed to increase their serum zinc to $70 mg/dL. Zinc supplementation also significantly increased anti-CD3/CD28 and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T cell proliferation, and the number of peripheral T cells (P , 0.05). When proliferation was expressed per number of T cells, the significant differences between groups were lost, suggesting that the zinc-induced enhancement of T cell proliferation was mainly due to an increase in the number of T cells. Conclusions: Zinc supplementation at 30 mg/d for 3 mo is effective in increasing serum zinc concentrations in nursing home elderly; however, not all zinc-deficient elderly reached adequate concentrations. The increase in serum zinc concentration was associated with the enhancement of T cell function mainly because of an increase in the number of T cells.Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103:942-51.

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Serum zinc and pneumonia in nursing home elderly

Cited by 126 publications

References 43 publications

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Vitamins C, D and Zinc: Synergistic Roles in Immune Function and Infections

Telómeros Y Calidad De La Dieta: Una Revision Sistematica

Effect of zinc supplementation on serum zinc concentration and T cell proliferation in nursing home elderly: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

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