Serum YKL‐40 concentrations in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and YKL‐40 expression in malignant plasma cells

Mylin, Anne Kærsgaard; Rasmussen, Thomas; Johansen, Julia S.; Knudsen, Lene Meldgaard; Nørgaard, Peter; Lenhoff, Stig; Dahl, Inger Marie S.; Johnsen, Hans Erik

doi:10.1111/j.0902-4441.2006.t01-1-ejh2879.x

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Head and neck [18,22,62] Lung cancer (small cell carcinoma) Lung [133,134] Breast cancer Breast Colorectal cancer Colon [20,132] Kidney tumor Kidney [132,142,143] Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver [21,66] Ovarian tumor, endometrial cancer Ovary [55][56][57][58][59][60][61]133,138,139] Primary prostate cancer Prostate [23,63,144] Metastatic prostate cancer Papilloma thyroid carcinoma, thyroid tumor Thyroid [136,145] Extracellular myxoidchondrosarcoma Bone [146] Multiple myeloma Bone marrow [147,148] Hodgkin's lymphoma Lymph node [65] Malignant melanoma Melanocyte [18,64] Myxoid liposarcoma Fat cells [146] 5252 ISSN 1007-9327 CN 14-1219/R World J Gastroenterol November 14, 2009 Volume 15 Number 42…”

Section: Glioma Oligodendroglioma Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inﬂammationassociated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells

Eurich¹,

Segawa²,

Toei-Shimizu³

et al. 2009

WJG

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The family of mammalian chitinases includes members both with and without glycohydrolase enzymatic activity against chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. Chitin is the structural component of fungi, crustaceans, insects and parasitic nematodes, but is completely absent in mammals. Exposure to antigens containing chitin-or chitin-like structures sometimes induces strong T helper type-I responses in mammals, which may be associated with the induction of mammalian chitinases. Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1), a member of the mammalian chitinase family, is induced specifically during the course of inflammation in such disorders as inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis and asthma. In addition, CHI3L1 is expressed and secreted by several types of solid tumors including glioblastoma, colon cancer, breast cancer and malignant melanoma. Although the exact function of CHI3L1 in inflammation and cancer is still largely unknown, CHI3L1 plays a pivotal role in exacerbating the inflammatory processes and in promoting angiogenesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. CHI3L1 may be highly involved in the chronic engagement of inflammation which potentiates development of epithelial tumorigenesis presumably by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the protein kinase B signaling pathways. Anti-CHI3L1 antibodies or pan-chitinase inhibitors may have the potential to suppress CHI3L1-mediated chronic inflammation and the subsequent carcinogenic change in epithelial cells.

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Section: Glioma Oligodendroglioma Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inﬂammationassociated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells

Eurich¹,

Segawa²,

Toei-Shimizu³

et al. 2009

WJG

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“…In recent years, there has been growing evidence that bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis exerts a similar role in certain hematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). 5 As seen in glioblastoma and several other types of solid tumours, 6,7 a subgroup of patients with MM display elevated levels of serum YKL-40 associated with a more aggressive course of the disease, 8 . Thirty-six patients received conventional treatment, and 9 patients received high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the upper limit in the agespecific 90% reference range for healthy adults, 8 the study population was divided into one group of 21 MM patients with a normal serum YKL-40, i.e., below the limit, and one group of 24 MM patients with an elevated serum YKL-40, i.e., above the limit. In this study population, the serum YKL-40 level lacked association with the degree of BM angiogenesis estimated as MVD (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Also, MM patients with elevated serum concentrations of YKL-40 have more severe bone destruction including increased bone resorptive activity and early progression of myeloma-related bone disease. 10 These findings suggest a role for YKL-40 in the disease process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 A recent study of IL-6 wild-type and knockout mice further supports an IL-6 mediated regulation of YKL-40 secretion (JS Johansen, personal communication). In MM, YKL-40 originates from cells in the BM microenvironment surrounding the myeloma cells, 8 but the exact regulation as well as the biological role of YKL-40 remain to be established.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum YKL‐40 and bone marrow angiogenesis in multiple myeloma

Mylin

Andersen

Johansen

et al. 2008

Intl Journal of Cancer

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In a recently published study, Saidi et al. showed that elevated levels of CHI3L1 mRNA, encoding the secreted glycoprotein YKL-40, are associated with poor survival in glioblastoma, probably by promoting angiogenesis. 1 A role for YKL-40 in angiogenesis is supported by a few in vitro studies on the porcine YKL-40 analogue, gp38k, showing 84% sequence homology with human Gp38k is secreted by differentiating vascular smooth muscle cells 2 and besides modulating adhesion and migration of these cells, 3 gp38k stimulates both directional migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), at a level comparable to that achieved with the endothelial cell chemoattractant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 4 and reorganisation of HUVEC with the formation of branching tubules. 4 Angiogenesis plays a central role in the pathogenesis and progression of solid tumours. In recent years, there has been growing evidence that bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis exerts a similar role in certain hematological malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). 5 As seen in glioblastoma and several other types of solid tumours, 6,7 a subgroup of patients with MM display elevated levels of serum YKL-40 associated with a more aggressive course of the disease, 8 but a possible role for YKL-40 in the biology of MM remains to be established. Inspired by the study from Saidi et al., we have investigated the association between serum YKL-40 and the degree of BM angiogenesis in 45 patients with newly diagnosed MM. Patient characteristics included age (median 67 years; range, 44-83 years), gender (49% male; 51% female), M-protein isotype (69% IgG; 20% IgA; 9% light chains only; 2% nonsecretory), and stage according to the International Staging System ISS (19% stage I; 49% stage II; 32% stage III). Thirty-six patients received conventional treatment, and 9 patients received high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. Serum concentrations of YKL-40 were determined in duplicates using a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Quidel 1 , Santa Clara, CA). 8 BM angiogenesis was estimated as microvessel density (MVD), as previously described. 9 The angiogenic cytokines bFGF, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured in serum, also as previously described. 9 The study was approved by the local ethical committee and performed in accordance with the Helsinki II declaration.The median serum YKL-40 for all 45 MM patients was 123 lg/l (range, 26-1,828 lg/l). Using the upper limit in the agespecific 90% reference range for healthy adults, 8 the study population was divided into one group of 21 MM patients with a normal serum YKL-40, i.e., below the limit, and one group of 24 MM patients with an elevated serum YKL-40, i.e., above the limit. In this study population, the serum YKL-40 level lacked association with the degree of BM angiogenesis estimated as MVD (Fig. 1a). The median MVD was 109 vessel profiles per mm 2 (range, 15-238 vessel profiles per mm 2 ). The degree of BM angi...

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Multiparametric flow cytometry profiling of neoplastic plasma cells in multiple myeloma

Johnsen

Bøgsted

Klausen

et al. 2010

Cytometry Part B Clinical

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Serum YKL‐40 concentrations in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and YKL‐40 expression in malignant plasma cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inﬂammationassociated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells

Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inﬂammationassociated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells

Serum YKL‐40 and bone marrow angiogenesis in multiple myeloma

Multiparametric flow cytometry profiling of neoplastic plasma cells in multiple myeloma

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