Serum Visfatin as a Diagnostic Marker of Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

Background and Aims: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have been reported to be caused by a complex interplay of immunological, infectious, and genetic factors. Previous studies have suggested that adipokines play a role in IBD by inducing proinflammatory cytokines. We aimed to evaluate the role of visfatin in the diagnosis algorithm of active IBD.
 Methods: 85 newly diagnosed IBD patients [56 diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 29 with Crohn‘s disease (CD)] and 30 healthy controls were included. IBD phenotypes were described accordingly to Montreal classification. Hemoglobin, total leucocytic count (TLC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, fecal calprotectin and serum visfatin were measured.
 Results: The serum visfatin level was found to be significantly higher in patients with IBD than those in the control group (p<0.001). It was significantly positively correlated with CRP, ESR, and FC in both IBD groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of visfatin in diagnosis of UC revealed an area under curve of 0.911. At cutoff ≥1.4 ng/ml, the sensitivity was 92.9% and the specificity was 86.7%.. In CD group, at the same cutoff, AUC was 0.974, sensitivity was 96.6% and specificity was 86.7%. There was a statistically significant elevation of serum visfatin in extensive UC (E3) as compared to the other groups. A cutoff ≥3.25 ng/ml revealed 88.9% sensitivity, and 100% specificity in detection of E3 UC. Serum visfatin was significantly increased in CD stricturing phenotype (B2) as compared to non-stricturing non-penetrating CD (B1). A cutoff ≥3.5 ng/ml revealed 83.3% sensitivity, and 100% specificity in detection of B2.
 Conclusions: The serum visfatin level were significantly higher in patients with IBD than in controls. Serum visfatin might be a novel noninvasive marker to detect activity in IBD patients and can be used as predictor of disease extension in patients with UC.

NAMPT and NAPRT serum levels predict response to anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease

“…Our data also support the previous observations that eNAMPT does not correlate with age and years of disease, while our correlation with hsCRP is supported by Saadoun et al ( 21 ), although other Authors failed to find this correlation. Our data is instead in line with Neubauer showing a correlation with IL-6 while we are the first to investigate and report a negative correlation with IL-10.…”

“…Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic inflammatory diseases (of which Crohn’s disease, CD, and ulcerative colitis, UC are the best known entities) whose etiology is not fully established, although genetic predisposition, environmental and dietary factors, alterations of the intestinal microbiome, increase of intestinal permeability, and a deficit of the innate immune response with excessive activation of the T-cell-mediated adaptive immune response are most likely involved ( 13 ). In these settings, a number of Authors have shown that serum eNAMPT levels are elevated ( 14 – 21 ). Briefly, serum eNAMPT is increased both in CD and in UC and it is likely to be correlated with the disease stage.…”

Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase: role in disease pathophysiology and as a biomarker

“…In CD patients, serum eNAMPT was elevated regardless of disease activity, whereas in UC patients, eNAMPT levels were significantly higher in patients with active disease as compared to inactive disease ( 66 , 174 , 175 ). Similar to the pattern observed in other inflammatory diseases, a positive correlation between the levels of eNAMPT and inflammation markers (e.g., IL-6, platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or CRP) is apparent in IBD ( 173 , 174 ). Intriguingly, Colombo et al.…”

“…A bulk of clinical studies in IBD reported elevated circulating eNAMPT levels in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) [ Table 2 ( 30 , 173 – 176 , 202 – 204 )]. Interestingly, eNAMPT levels were found to be differently associated with disease activity in UC and CD patients.…”

Impact of Obesity on the Course of Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease—A Review

“…It was found to participate in the intra- and extracellular processes related to obesity [ 145 , 146 ]. Its higher serum expression was observed in the general population of IBD patients and their colonic samples [ 147 , 148 , 149 ]. Among pediatric IBD patients, visfatin correlated positively even with a disease activity assessed by biopsies [ 150 ].…”