Serum tumour markers in lung cancer: history, biology and clinical applications

Ferrigno, Domenico; Buccheri, Gianfranco; Biggi, Alberto

doi:10.1183/09031936.94.07010186

Cited by 102 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in humans (Ferrigno et al 1994). The accumulation of damage at different molecular and cellular levels is the underlying mechanism of lung carcinogenesis (Finkel et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The level of Hsp27 in lymphocytes is negatively associated with a higher risk of lung cancer

Wang

Mao

et al. 2009

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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Heat shock proteins (Hsps) can protect cells, organs, and whole organisms against damage caused by abnormal environmental hazards. Some studies have reported that lymphocyte Hsps may serve as biomarkers for evaluating disease status and exposure to environmental stresses; however, few epidemiologic studies have examined the associations between lymphocyte Hsps levels and lung cancer risk. We examined lymphocyte levels of Hsp27 and Hsp70 in 263 lung cancer cases and age-and gender-matched cancer-free controls by flow cytometry. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between lymphocyte Hsps levels and lung cancer risk. Our results showed that Hsp27 levels were significantly lower in lung cancer cases than in controls (16.5 vs 17.8 mean fluorescence intensity, P<0.001). This was not observed for Hsp70 levels. Further stratification analysis revealed that lymphocyte Hsp27 levels were negatively associated with lung cancer risk especially in males and heavy smokers. There was a statistical trend of low odd ratios (95% confidence intervals) and upper tertile levels of Hsp27 [1.000, 0.904 (0.566-1.444) and 0.382 (0.221-0.658, P trend =0.001) in males and 1. 000, 0.9207 (0.465-1.822) and 0.419 (0.195-0.897, P trend =0.036) in heavy smokers] after adjustment for confounding factors. These results suggest that lower lymphocyte Hsp27 levels might be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Our findings need to be validated in a large prospective study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The level of Hsp27 in lymphocytes is negatively associated with a higher risk of lung cancer

Wang

Mao

et al. 2009

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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“…Since one of the main limits of the clinical applicability of the serum tumour markers is its lack of sensitivity in the early stages (McIntire 1982;Ferrigno et al, 1994), we investigated whether any association could be observed between the rate of correct classification obtained by the score and the tumour stages. This analysis showed that stages, sex and age did not influence the error rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of an algorithm able to differentiate small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by means of a tumour marker panel: analysis of the errors

Paone

Angelis²,

Portalone³

et al. 1997

Br J Cancer

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Summary By means of a mathematical score previoulsy generated by discriminant analysis on 90 lung cancer patients, a new and larger group of 261 subjects [209 with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 52 with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)] was analysed to confirm the ability of the method to distinguish between these two types of cancers. The score, which included the serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and CYFRA-21.1 levels, permitted correct classification of 93% of the patients. When the misclassifications were analysed in detail, the most frequent errors were associated with limited disease SCLC with low NSE levels and with advanced NSCLC with high NSE levels. This demonstrates the importance of the marker in correctly categorizing patients.

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“…The other variables recorded were age, sex, ECOG performance status, weight loss, haemoglobin concentration, total white cell/neutrophil counts, tumour cell type, clinical stage, and the single tumour, node and metastasis factors, analysed individually for their prognostic meaning. In addition, the serum concentration of each of the following were measured and recorded: lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, pyruvic and oxalacetic transaminases, creatinine, sodium, carcinoembryonic antigen, and tissue polypeptide antigen [16]. Follow-up consisted of clinical, laboratory, and radiological reassessments at 3±4 week intervals during chemotherapy, and every 3±6 weeks in case of palliative radiotherapy, or no anticancer treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic significance of blood coagulation tests in lung cancer

Ferrigno¹,

Buccheri²,

Ricca³

2001

Eur Respir J

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Previous studies have shown that activation of coagulation has an impact on the clinical course of lung cancer.This study was carried out to assess the potential prognostic significance of platelet count (P), prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), anti-thrombin III (AT-III), fibrinogen (F), D-dimer (DD), factor II (F-II), factor VII (F-VII), factor X (F-X), protein C clotting (PCC), plasminogen (PL), and antiplasmin (AP) in 343 consecutive new lung cancer patients. A set of 32 anthropometric, clinical, physical, laboratory, radiological, and pathological variables was recorded prospectively for all patients. Patients were carefully followed-up, and their subsequent clinical course recorded.The most frequent abnormalities were of DD, F, and AT-III followed by F-VII, F-X, and F-II. Among the 12 clotting variables, the strongest relationships were those of F-II and F-X (Spearman rank (rs)=0.565), PT and F-VII (rs=0.562), F-VII and F-X (rs=0.514), PL and AP (rs=0.515), F and P (rs=0.490), AT-III and PCC (rs=0.476). Univariate analyses of survival showed that prolonged PT (p<0.043), and abnormally elevated DD (p<0.003), F (p<0.031), and P (p<0.047) were all associated with a poor prognosis. The multivariate model, however, did not confirm the prognostic significance of the coagulation factors.The results show subclinical activation of blood coagulation in lung cancer patients with early disease. In addition, clotting activation is confirmed as a predictor of survival, although not independently of other prognostic factors.

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Serum tumour markers in lung cancer: history, biology and clinical applications

Cited by 102 publications

References 130 publications

The level of Hsp27 in lymphocytes is negatively associated with a higher risk of lung cancer

The level of Hsp27 in lymphocytes is negatively associated with a higher risk of lung cancer

Validation of an algorithm able to differentiate small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by means of a tumour marker panel: analysis of the errors

Prognostic significance of blood coagulation tests in lung cancer

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