Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-αand Interferon-γLevels in PediatricMycoplasma pneumoniaePneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Wang, Ying; Zhang, Yongsheng; Lu, Weiyue

doi:10.1155/2018/8354892

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…In line with this, a recent study showed that the serum TNF-α level in children with MPP was significantly higher than that in healthy children (Wang et al, 2005). Furthermore, Wang et al ( Ding et al, 2018 ; Wang et al, 2014 ) observed that serum TNF-α levels in children with RMPP were significantly higher than those in children with NRMPP, which was confirmed in a mouse model of MPP (Hsia et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae ( M. pneumoniae ) infection is one of the most common forms of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children (Wang et al, 2005; Gao et al, 2018). Although M. pneumoniae infection is usually considered as a self-limited process, sometimes it may cause various severe complications such as arthritis and necrotizing pneumonia (Zhang et al, 2016; Barreira et al, 2009; Azumagawa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these biomarkers have also been used for evaluating the M. pneumoniae infection severity (Chkhaidze & Kapanadze, 2017). Serum level of TNF-α has shown to be significantly higher in children with MPP compared with healthy children (Wang et al, 2005). However, whether TNF-α can be used as a biomarker for RMPP has not been defined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High co-expression of TNF-α and CARDS toxin is a good predictor for refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Fan

Wang

et al. 2019

Mol Med

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Background Early distinction between refractory M. pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) and non-RMPP (NRMPP) is still difficult. The community-acquired respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) toxin can induce inflammatory and histopathological phenotypes associated with M. pneumoniae infection. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of CARDS toxin and pro-inflammatory cytokines in children with RMPP and to explore whether CARDS toxin can induce TNF-α expression. Methods Levels of CARDS toxin and cytokines in BALF from control and children with MPP were determined by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic values of CARDS toxin, TNF-α, and IL-6 in RMPP. The recombinant CARDS toxin was constructed and prepared at different concentrations for stimulation of RAW264.7 cells. After co-culture with CARDS toxin, cytokines were detected by ELISA and the mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR. Effects of CARDS toxin and TNF-α on inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion in mouse lungs were also evaluated. Results Levels of CARDS toxin, TNF-α and IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly higher in RMPP cases compared with NRMPP cases. Furthermore, TNF-α had better diagnostic ability for differentiation of RMPP with AUC of 0.824 and Youden index of 0.692 compared with CARDS toxin and IL-6. Moreover, CARDS toxin was positively correlated with TNF-α level in MPP cases. In vitro assay revealed that CARDS toxin induced RAW264.7 macrophages to secrete TNF-α. Further in vivo assay showed that TNF-α deletion partially abrogated the CARDS toxin-mediated induction of inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion in mouse lungs. Conclusions The high co-expression of TNF-α and CARDS toxin in BALF is a good diagnostic biomarker for differentiating children with RMPP and NRMPP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High co-expression of TNF-α and CARDS toxin is a good predictor for refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Fan

Wang

et al. 2019

Mol Med

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“…Although the mechanism of RMPP is not clear, it is widely accepted that inflammatory reactions and immune responses may play an important role in the progress of RMPP. Biomarkers related to inflammatory reactions were evaluated by previous studies 8–12 . CRP, LDH, and IL‐6 were found to be associated with high risk of RMPP in children through an ordinal logistic regression procedure 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, some studies were conducted to explore the independent predictors of RMPP from laboratory and radiological data. Current studies showed that the level of C‐reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), T‐lymphocyte subsets, cytokines including interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) might be nonspecific factors to predict RMPP 8–12 . Though the main results in previous studies might improve the awareness of physicians about RMPP, there were still some limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a simple‐to‐use nomogram for predicting refractoryMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children

Cheng

Lin

Zheng

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a simple‐to‐use nomogram for predicting refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in children. Methods A total of 73 children with RMPP and 146 children with general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were included. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were obtained. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was used to determine optimal predictors. The nomogram was plotted by multivariable logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility. Results The LASSO regression analysis identified lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, neutrophil ratio, and high fever as significant predictors of RMPP. This nomogram‐illustrated model showed good discrimination, calibration, and clinical value. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the nomogram was 0.884 (95% CI, 0.823‐0.945) in the training set and 0.881 (95% CI, 0.807‐0.955) in the validating set. Calibration curve and Hosmer‐Lemeshow test showed good consistency between the predictions of the nomogram and the actual observations, and decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram was clinically useful. Conclusion A simple‐to‐use nomogram for predicting RMPP in early stage was developed and validated. This may help physicians recognize RMPP earlier.

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Analysis of cytokine levels, cytological findings, and MP‐DNA level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Deng

Liang

et al. 2023

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Background The present study was conducted to determine the inflammatory response in the lungs of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Methods This study retrospectively analyzed cytokine levels, cytological findings, and M. pneumoniae (MP)‐DNA level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 96 children with MPP. The study utilized Spearman's correlation method to evaluate the contribution of BALF and blood parameters in MPP children. Results (1) A total of 96 MPP children were classified into the Low MP‐DNA MPP group (BALF MP‐DNA ≤ 10 5 copies/mL) and the High MP‐DNA MPP group (BALF MP‐DNA > 10 5 copies/mL); the Non‐fever MPP group (no fever during the entire course of pneumonia) and the Fever MPP group; the Defervescence MPP group (fever had subsided at the time of bronchoscopy) and the Fervescence MPP group; and the Mild MPP group and the Severe MPP group. (2) The High MP‐DNA MPP, Fever MPP, Fervescence MPP, and Severe MPP groups had higher levels of interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐10, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in their BALF (all p < .05). (3) The proportions of neutrophils and macrophages in the BALF of the High MP‐DNA MPP and Fever MPP groups increased and decreased, respectively (all p < .05). (4) In the BALF of MPP children, MP‐DNA, IL‐6, IL‐10, TNF‐α, and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) levels positively correlated with neutrophil proportion while negatively correlated with macrophage proportion (all p < .05). (5) The MP‐DNA, IL‐6, IL‐10, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ levels in the BALF of MPP children were positively correlated with the levels of C‐reactive protein, procalcitonin, lactic dehydrogenase, fibrinogen, and d‐dimer, while they were negatively correlated with the albumin level (all p < .05). Conclusions In children with MPP, the pulmonary inflammatory immune response was stronger in the High MP‐DNA MPP, Fever MPP, Fervescence MPP, and Severe MPP groups. The relationship between pulmonary cytokine levels, MP‐DNA load, and serum inflammatory parameters were found to be weak.

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Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-αand Interferon-γLevels in PediatricMycoplasma pneumoniaePneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

High co-expression of TNF-α and CARDS toxin is a good predictor for refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

High co-expression of TNF-α and CARDS toxin is a good predictor for refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Development and validation of a simple‐to‐use nomogram for predicting refractoryMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children

Analysis of cytokine levels, cytological findings, and MP‐DNA level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

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