Serum thymidine kinase 1 levels predict cancer-free survival following neoadjuvant, surgical and adjuvant treatment of patients with locally advanced breast cancer

Abstract

In this study, the use of serum thymidine kinase 1 protein (STK1p) concentration for the prognosis of the overall survival of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (n=51) following routine treatment (neoadjuvant treatment, surgery and chemotherapy) was investigated. The patients were followed up for 44 months and the STK1p values were determined by a high-sensitivity enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) dot blot assay. The variables investigated in relation to metastasis and survival were STK1p, clinical stage, tumor size and age, by the Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test and Cox uni- and multivariate analyses. Patients with high STK1p values (≥2.0 pM) 3–6 months after surgery exhibited a positive correlation to clinical stage, tumor size, occurrence of metastasis and survival. The hazard risk for the development of metastatic disease and mortality among breast cancer patients was 11–12 times higher in patients with high compared to those with low STK1p values (<2.0 pM). Notably, patients with stage III/IV disease and low STK1p values exhibited statistically significantly improved survival compared to patients with high STK1p values. A multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that the STK1p levels 6 months after surgery was the only independent prognostic factor for metastasis and survival. In conclusion, STK1p is a prognostic marker in patients with locally advanced breast cancer and it may help identify a subgroup of stage III/IV patients with improved cancer-free survival expectancy, enabling personalized treatment.

The Thymidine Kinase-1(tk-1) as a Potential Tumor Marker: Serum Levels in Serum of Patients With Solid and System Malignance Neoplasms

“…[42] при мониторинге пациен-тов с местно-распространенным РМЖ (медиана наблюде-ния 44 мес) установили, что при уровне ТК-1 >2,0 пмоль/л через 6 мес после хирургического лечения степень риска развития метастазов возрастала в 11-12 раз в сравнении с группой пациентов с уровнем ТК-1 <2,0 пмоль/л. Авторы предложили использовать этот уровень для дискримина-ции больных с местно-распространенным РМЖ на под-группы с различным прогнозом и учитывать его при инди-видуализации тактики лечения [42]. Z. H. Huang и соавт.…”

Serum TK1 is a more reliable marker than CEA and AFP for cancer screening in a study of 56,286 people

“…The TK1 antibody inhibited the catalytic activity of the enzyme [9]. In native Western blot analysis of TK1 in serum (STK1) from pre-treated patients with gastric cancer [9,10], non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [11], and breast cancer [12], one single band corresponding to human TK1 was obtained, demonstrating the high specificity of the anti-TK1 IgY antibody. The weak TK1 band found in serum of healthy individuals showed the high sensitivity of the IgY TK1 antibody in serum of cancer patients [9][10][11][12].…”

“…In native Western blot analysis of TK1 in serum (STK1) from pre-treated patients with gastric cancer [9,10], non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [11], and breast cancer [12], one single band corresponding to human TK1 was obtained, demonstrating the high specificity of the anti-TK1 IgY antibody. The weak TK1 band found in serum of healthy individuals showed the high sensitivity of the IgY TK1 antibody in serum of cancer patients [9][10][11][12]. This IgY TK1 antibody has been used in the clinical setting in health screening and oncology application for more than a decade [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Thymidine kinase 1 expression in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma is superior to Ki-67: A new prognostic biomarker

“…21 A comparison between TK1 and Ki-67 showed that Ki-67 was not an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with cervical carcinomas or lung pT1 adenocarcinoma. 18,20 It was also demonstrated that serum TK1 was an independent prognostic factor for the risk of recurrence in breast carcinoma 22,23 and for survival rates in breast carcinoma, 24 gastric carcinoma, 25 and Hodgkin's lymphoma. 26 In this study, we investigated whether TK1 expression could serve as a prognostic factor for relapse and overall survival in serous ovarian adenocarcinoma patients and compared these results with those for Ki-67.…”