Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor, Interleukin-6, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Levels in Children with Celiac Disease: Response to Treatment

Abstract

The serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-6 levels may be used as a noninvasive measure of celiac disease activity and response to treatment.

Impact of a gluten-free diet on bone mineral density in celiac patients

“…Our results are according with those of Tau et al (6), Pantaleoni et al (7) and Di Stefano et al (8). With the GFD, the levels of interleukin-6, but not of TNF-α, decrease (26). Results regarding parathyroid function in treated celiac patients show that they are similar to control group excluding a residual secondary hyperparathyroidism (27).…”

Anemia of chronic disease and defective erythropoietin production in patients with celiac disease

“…In fact, mean serum levels of inflammatory cytokines that contribute to ACD, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-γ, are increased in active celiac disease. [24][25][26][27] Our results hint at a defective production of endogenous erythropoietin, in addition to changes in iron homeostasis, as a pathogenetic mechanism of ACD. A defective production of erythropoietin for the degree of anemia has been reported in some studies on ACD, [28][29][30] although adequate erythropoietin levels were observed in ACD subjects with systemic juvenile chronic arthritis.…”

Interleukin-6 and interleukin-17 gene polymorphism association with celiac disease in children

“…Previous studies have shown that intestinal inflammation in CD is due to different cytokines produced by CD4 T cells and that these are responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease (5,25).…”

“…In addition to cytokines expressed by Th cells in the intestinal mucosa in CD, the production of macrophage-origin IL-6 has been determined to increase and play a role in intestinal inflammation (5,25). Studies have reported a relation between the IL-6 (-572G/C) polymorphism and high serum IL-6 (9).…”