Serum S-100 and Neuron-Specific Enolase for Prediction of Regaining Consciousness After Global Cerebral Ischemia

Martens, Patrick; Raabe, Andreas; Johnsson, Per

doi:10.1161/01.str.29.11.2363

Cited by 248 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

139

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Alternatively, high serum NSE levels may reflect the extent of the neuronal damage. One piece of evidence which can support this hypothesis is the relationship between the degree of neuronal damage and the serum NSE level following a cerebral stroke (Cunningham et al, 1991(Cunningham et al, , 1996DeGiorgio et al, 1995DeGiorgio et al, , 1999Fogel et al, 1997;Missler et al, 1997;Martens et al, 1998;Buttner et al, 1999;Schoerkhuber et al, 1999;Wunderlich et al, 1999) or other neuronal brain damage (DeGiorgio et al, 1995(DeGiorgio et al, , 1999Fogel et al, 1997;Martens et al, 1998; Buttner et al, 1999;Schoerkhuber et al, 1999). In these diseases, the serum NSE level exhibits a prognostic indication inasmuch as studies have found a close relationship between the volume of affected neuronal tissue and the serum NSE level (Cunningham et al, 1991(Cunningham et al, , 1996Missler et al, 1997;Wunderlich et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Brain metastases at the time of presentation of non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-centric AERIO* analysis of prognostic factors

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patients with lung cancer frequently suffer from brain metastases at the time of presentation. This condition affects approximately 10% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (Newman and Hansen, 1974;Sorensen et al, 1988). Surgery is feasible only for a small proportion of these patients. Whole brain radiotherapy has been, hitherto, the generally recommended treatment in inoperable patients. The survival of NSCLC patients with brain metastases is poor, reported to be between 3 to 6 months in patients treated with medical therapies, either radiotherapy or chemotherapy (compared to 6-10 months in other advanced NSCLC (Paesmans et al, 1995;Shepherd, 1999)). Furthermore, brain metastases at the time of presentation of lung cancer seems to be a worse prognosis (Sorensen et al, 1988) than metachronous brain metastases.New therapeutic strategies are needed to improve the outcome of these patients. The knowledge of prognostic determinants might be important in both clinical trials and routine practice (Komaki et al, 1993;Charloux et al, 1997;Paesmans et al, 1997;Merrill et al, 1999). In the former setting, prognostic co-variables must be taken into account in survival analyses; by way of illustration, in a given randomized trial, the statement that a difference in survival is related to the effects of the treatment must be supported by a proportional hazards model demonstrating that this effect does not depend on well-known prognostic determinants (Depierre et al, 1999;Furuse et al, 1999). In the second setting, a therapeutic decision might be influenced by the state of prognostic variables (Komaki et al, 1993).Here we especially take a look at the prognostic significance of 2 specific serum markers, CYFRA 21-1 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The prognostic value of CYFRA 21-1 (a fragment of cytokeratin subunit 19) in this disease has been suggested (Pujol et al, 1993;Wieskopf et al, 1995;Brechot et al, 1997). NSE, the γ-subunit of enolase, has been widely investigated as a marker of small cell lung cancer (SCLC;Jorgensen et al, 1989). Although only a small proportion of NSCLC presented with a high NSE level, this marker might indirectly reflect; i) a neuroendocrine component of the disease in favour of tumour heterogeneity; ii) a Summary A multi-centre retrospective study involving 4 French university institutions has been conducted in order to identify routine pretherapeutic prognostic factors of survival in patients with previously untreated non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastases at the time of presentation. A total of 231 patients were recorded regarding their clinical, radiological and biological characteristics at presentation. The accrual period was January 1991 to December 1998. Prognosis was analysed using both univariate and multivariate (Cox model) statistics. The median survival of the whole population was 28 weeks. Univariate analysis (log-rank), showed that patients affected by one of the following characteristics proved to have a shorter survival in comparison with the opposite status...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Brain metastases at the time of presentation of non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-centric AERIO* analysis of prognostic factors

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plasma concentrations of the astroglial protein S-100b, a cytosolic calcium-binding protein, have been found to correlate with the extent of tissue damage (infarct volume) and neurologic outcome (6,7 ). The variations in S-100b concentrations were not significantly different within the first 6 h from stroke onset, indicating that this biomarker alone may not be sufficient for diagnosing acute stroke.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Biomarkers of Stroke

Reynolds¹,

Kirchick²,

Dahlen³

et al. 2003

Clinical Chemistry

203

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:The diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke are limited by the lack of rapid diagnostic assays for use in an emergency setting. Computed tomography (CT) scanning is used to diagnose hemorrhagic stroke but is relatively ineffective (<33% sensitive) in detecting ischemic stroke. The ability to correlate blood-borne protein biomarkers with stroke phenotypes would aid in the development of such rapid tests. Methods: ELISAs for >50 protein biomarkers were developed for use on a high-throughput robotic workstation. These assays were used to screen plasma samples from 214 healthy donors and 223 patients diagnosed with stroke, including 82 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. Marker assay values were first compared by univariate analysis, and then the top markers were subjected to multivariate analysis to derive a marker panel algorithm for the prediction of stroke. Results: The top markers from this analysis were S-100b (a marker of astrocytic activation), B-type neurotrophic growth factor, von Willebrand factor, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. In a panel algorithm in which three or more marker values above their respective cutoffs were scored as positive, these five markers provided a sensitivity of 92% at 93% specificity for ischemic stroke samples taken within 6 h from symptom onset. Conclusion: A marker panel approach to the diagnosis of stroke may provide a useful adjunct to CT scanning in the emergency setting.

show abstract

“…When the brain suffers from different insults leading to impaired cellular structure and blood-brain-barrier integrity, NSE and S-100B are released quite rapidly into the cerebrospinal fluid and then into the circulation. Increased serum levels are proportionally related to the extent of cellular brain injury (Martens et al, 1998). So serum NSE and S-100B are sensitive and quantitative markers of parenchymal brain injury due to ischemia stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, trauma and cardiopulmonary surgery (Mabe et al, 1991;Skogseid et al, 1992;Schaarschmidt et al, 1994;Isgro et al, 1997;Missler et al, 1997;Elting et al, 2000;Jonsson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basic fibroblast growth factor alleviates brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion in rabbits

Zhang

Gan

et al. 2005

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion and its mechanisms. Brain injury following global ischemia was induced by four vessels occlusion and systemic hypotension. Twenty-four rabbits were randomized into three groups: group A, only dissection of vessels; group B, intravenous infusion of normal saline after reperfusion for 6 h; group C, 30 µg/kg bFGF injected intravenously at the onset of reperfusion, then infused with 10 µg/(kg⋅h) for 6 h. Serum neuron specific enolase (NSE), S-100B, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured before ischemia, 30 min after ischemia, 0.5, 1, 3, 6 h after reperfusion. Brain water content was determined and cerebral histopathological damages were compared. NSE and S-100B were increased 1 h after reperfusion and reached their peaks 6 h after reperfusion, but were much higher in group B than those in group C 3, 6 h after reperfusion. In groups B and C, TNF-α was increased after ischemia and IL-1 and IL-8 were increased significantly 0.5 h after reperfusion, then reached their peaks 6 h, 3 h, 6 h after reperfusion respectively. TNF-α and IL-8 at the time points of 1 h and 3 h and IL-1 at 3 h and 6 h in group C were correspondingly lower than those in group B. These indices in group A were nearly unchanged. There were less severe cerebral histopathological damages in group C compared with group B, but no difference in brain water content. It could be concluded that bFGF alleviates brain injury following global ischemia and reperfusion by down-regulating expression of inflammatory factors and inhibiting their activities.

show abstract

Serum S-100 and Neuron-Specific Enolase for Prediction of Regaining Consciousness After Global Cerebral Ischemia

Cited by 248 publications

References 24 publications

Brain metastases at the time of presentation of non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-centric AERIO* analysis of prognostic factors

Brain metastases at the time of presentation of non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-centric AERIO* analysis of prognostic factors

Early Biomarkers of Stroke

Basic fibroblast growth factor alleviates brain injury following global ischemia reperfusion in rabbits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About