Serum rantes levels in HIV-positive individuals and in HIV-negative exposed health-care workers

Vitale, Francesco; Bonura, Filippa; Perna, Anna Maria; Ajello, Francesca; Romano, Nino

doi:10.1007/bf01740826

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…No significant difference in serum levels of MIP-1␣, MIP-1␤, and RANTES has been found among the 4 clinical stages of HIV-1 infection for both HAARTnaïve and salvage groups (P Ͼ .05; Fig 1), suggesting that serum levels of CC-chemokines did not play a major role in the control of disease stage. Our results were consistent with those of several investigations 24,25,38 implying that variations in serum levels of these CC-chemokines did not explain variations in the natural history of HIV-1 infection. Therefore, we and other investigators excluded serum CC-chemokine levels as biomarkers of HIV-1 disease stage.…”

Section: Cc-chemokine Levels In Relation To Hiv-1 Disease Sta-supporting

confidence: 93%

“…This role is expected to be complicated; CC-chemokines have dichotomous effects on HIV-1 (eg, inhibition of viral entry vs enhancement of viral replication and induction of in- flammatory response). A significant number of investigations measuring CC-chemokine production by PB-MCs or purified CD4 ϩ and CD8 ϩ lymphocytes from HIV-1-infected individuals or serum CC-chemokines have not shown an inverse correlation between CC-chemokine levels and disease progression, 24,25,38,42 yet in other investigations such inverse correlations have been noted. 22,[43][44][45] We detected serum levels of MIP-1␣, MIP-1␤, and RANTES in 60 HIV-1-infected patients who were re- cruited to our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of good correlation of serum CC-chemokine levels with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease stage and response to treatment

Kazanjian

Kunkel

et al. 2004

Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine

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Three CC-chemokines-MIP-1alpha (CCL3), MIP-1beta (CCL4), and RANTES (CCL5)-are natural ligands for the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) coreceptor CCR5. To determine correlations between CC-chemokines and HIV-1 disease stage or response to treatment, we examined serum levels of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES in 60 infected patients during 18 months while they were taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Our results demonstrate that serum levels of MIP-1alpha and RANTES were increased in HIV-1-infected individuals compared with those in healthy controls. We found no significant differences among 4 clinical stages of HIV-1 infection in the serum levels of three CC-chemokines. Longitudinal HAART analyses revealed a pronounced decline in serum MIP-1alpha levels over time. We found no difference in this decline between HAART responders and nonresponders. These findings indicate that production of MIP-1alpha and RANTES changes during HIV-1 infection and treatment; however, our results suggest that serum levels of CC-chemokines should not be used as biomarkers for HIV-1 disease stage or response to treatment.

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Section: Cc-chemokine Levels In Relation To Hiv-1 Disease Sta-supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of good correlation of serum CC-chemokine levels with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease stage and response to treatment

Kazanjian

Kunkel

et al. 2004

Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine

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“…2 As in similar investigations, 3,4 this finding suggests that these b-chemokines are the major protective factors against HIV infection. Because many genes and protein factors have been reported to affect the pathogenesis of HIV, 5,6 it was our goal to investigate other possible mechanisms in addition to b-chemokines that protected the HIV-uninfected cohort from viral infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 52%

CC Chemokines Induce Neutrophils to Chemotaxis, Degranulation, and α-Defensin Release

Jan¹,

Huang²,

Shieh³

et al. 2006

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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We have previously shown that a Taiwanese cohort of HIV-uninfected individuals was associated with the significantly elevated levels of serum beta-chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1)-alpha and MIP-beta, and RANTES. In the present study, we report that the members of this cohort have significantly greater numbers of lower buoyant-density neutrophils in their blood, which leads to further investigation of the effects of beta-chemokines on neutrophils. By electron and confocal microscopic techniques and FACScan, the results demonstrated that MIP-1alpha, MIP-beta, and/or RANTES readily activated the cells to release a large quantity of alpha-defensins in vitro through the degranulation process, which was the cause of low-buoyant-density neutrophil production. The purified neutrophils underwent chemotaxis and increased phagocytic capability when beta-chemokines were present. Only when using all 3 neutralizing antibodies for CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5 could the chemotaxis of neutrophils be inhibited completely, suggesting that these receptors are involved in transducing activating signals. Because neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells that can be activated simultaneously to release alpha-defensins and because these proteins are antiviral, including anti-HIV, our results support the hypothesis that in addition to beta-chemokines, the innate immunity of the cohort plays a role in inhibiting the transmission of HIV.

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“…Relevant factors include the role of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CD8 + ) response [10,48,55,88,97], T helper (CD4 + ) cell response [1,36,49,97], neutralization sensitivity, and the contribution of relevant chemokines (e.g., MIP-1 , MIP-1 , RANTES, SDF-1) [16,27,95,106,112] and cytokines (e.g., TNF-). HIV vaccine research depends on understanding the immunologic response to infection, and discordant couples enable a better understanding of the typical response, as well as the response of individuals who remain uninfected after repeated viral exposure.…”

Section: Genetic and Immunologic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-1-Discordant Couples in Sub-Saharan Africa: Explanations and Implications for High Rates of Discordancy

Guthrie

Bruyn

Farquhar

2007

CHR

123

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In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 1 in 2 HIV-1-infected persons living in a couple have a serodiscordant partner. Recent data suggest a large proportion of new HIV-1 infections in mature epidemics occur within discordant couples, making discordancy a major contributor to the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa. What accounts for high rates of HIV-1 discordance and why some individuals remain uninfected despite repeated sexual exposure to HIV-1 is unknown. Studying HIV-1-discordant couples may contribute to understanding correlates of HIV-1 immunity and acute infection. Additionally, HIV-1-discordant couples are an important population for prevention efforts. Consequently, HIV-1-discordant couples are increasingly viewed as a valuable source of participants for HIV vaccine and prevention trials. This review summarizes and critiques existing data on HIV-1-discordant couples in developing countries, including an analysis of transmission rates within discordant couples, description of biological and behavioral characteristics important in planning HIV-1 vaccine and prevention trials, and challenges faced when carrying out such studies.

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Serum rantes levels in HIV-positive individuals and in HIV-negative exposed health-care workers

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Lack of good correlation of serum CC-chemokine levels with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease stage and response to treatment

Lack of good correlation of serum CC-chemokine levels with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease stage and response to treatment

CC Chemokines Induce Neutrophils to Chemotaxis, Degranulation, and α-Defensin Release

HIV-1-Discordant Couples in Sub-Saharan Africa: Explanations and Implications for High Rates of Discordancy

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