Serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and abnormal lipid metabolism: A nationally representative cross-sectional study

Perfluoroalkyl/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Links to Cardiovascular Disease Risk

“…108 PFNA and PFDA were associated with higher LDL-C. 108 In one study in the Inuit population (Canada, 1326 participants), total serum PFAS (PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA, PFHxS, and PFOS) was associated with higher total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C. 78 A large cross-sectional study of the general population in China (10 530 participants) reported that PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PDUnDA, PFHxS, and PFOS were all associated with higher total serum cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C, as well as clinically defined dyslipidemia. 109 Only PFNA was also associated with higher serum triglycerides. 109 Small cross-sectional studies of the general population in China report similar findings, with PFOA, *Studies were identified by searching PUBMED for PFAS and cholesterol or triglyceride.…”

“…109 Only PFNA was also associated with higher serum triglycerides. 109 Small cross-sectional studies of the general population in China report similar findings, with PFOA, *Studies were identified by searching PUBMED for PFAS and cholesterol or triglyceride. The search was limited to studies published since 2018.…”

Suspect, Nontarget Screening, and Toxicity Prediction of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in the Landfill Leachate

“…25 PFASs activate PPARα, affect fatty acid catabolism, and cause lipid metabolism disorder. Especially for the people with diabetes, this disorder could have strong association with PFAS exposure, 26 leading to fatty liver disease and steatosis. 72 The potential mechanism was proposed by the studies that PFASs have structural homology with fatty acids, they might affect the biological process by mimicking the function of fatty acids, 33 and some PFASs (e.g., HFPO−DA and NBP2) even have similar activities with fatty acids.…”

“…Results showed that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) can be activated by much more PFASs (nearly 30%) than the other receptors like pregnane X receptor (PXR) or constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) . As nuclear receptors (NR), PPARα is a key regulator of lipid metabolism that involves fatty acid catabolism and regulates the activity of proteins responsible for fat oxidation, and estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a critical regulator of development and maintenance of normal sexual and reproductive structure and function . The exposure of PFAS causes the lipid metabolism disorder , and affects estrogen homeostasis, which has positive associations with the type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, changes in glucose homeostasis, changes in fatal growth, and breast or ovarian cancer .…”

“…25 As nuclear receptors (NR), PPARα is a key regulator of lipid metabolism that involves fatty acid catabolism and regulates the activity of proteins responsible for fat oxidation, and estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a critical regulator of development and maintenance of normal sexual and reproductive structure and function. 26 The exposure of PFAS causes the lipid metabolism disorder 26,27 and affects estrogen homeostasis, 28 which has positive associations with the type 2 diabetes, 29 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, changes in glucose homeostasis, 30 changes in fatal growth, 28 and breast or ovarian cancer. 31 Therefore, to assess the potential health risk of human exposure to PFASs, evaluation of the influence of PFASs on specific receptor like PPARα or ERα is necessary.…”