Serum markers in prostate cancer detection

Bratt, Ola; Lilja, Hans

doi:10.1097/mou.0000000000000128

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In fact, the poor specificity (33%) exhibited by the PSA test has led to controversy about how and when it should be used 2 , 3 . Consequently, a number of biomarkers have been developed as companion diagnostics to improve the PSA test 4 , 5 . Multianalyte tests such as the PHI test (measuring three different PSA markers: PSA, free PSA and p2PSA) 6 and the OPKO 4K score (measuring four prostate-specific kallikreins) 7 have improved the sensitivity of the PSA test but specificity still remains poor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glypican-1 as a Biomarker for Prostate Cancer: Isolation and Characterization

Truong¹,

Justiniano²,

Nocon³

et al. 2016

J. Cancer

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Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed male visceral cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Standard tests such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement have poor specificity (33%) resulting in a high number of false positive reports. Consequently there is a need for new biomarkers to address this problem. The MIL-38 antibody was first described nearly thirty years ago, however, until now, the identification of the target antigen remained elusive. By a series of molecular techniques and mass spectrometry, the MIL-38 antigen was identified to be the highly glycosylated proteoglycan Glypican-1 (GPC-1). This protein is present in two forms; a membrane bound core protein of 55-60 kDa and secreted soluble forms of 40 kDa and 52 kDa. GPC-1 identification was confirmed by immuno-precipitation, western blots and ELISA. An ELISA platform is currently being developed to assess the levels of GPC-1 in normal, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer patients to determine whether secreted GPC-1 may represent a clinically relevant biomarker for prostate cancer diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glypican-1 as a Biomarker for Prostate Cancer: Isolation and Characterization

Truong¹,

Justiniano²,

Nocon³

et al. 2016

J. Cancer

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“…The recent successes in clinical research on serum-based biomarkers for PCa detection remain confined to the kallikrein field [ 103 ]. A four prostate-specific kallikrein panel has shown great promise as a serum-based test for PCa.…”

Section: Newly Emerging Tests For Prostate Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Proteomics in Biomarker Development for Improved Patient Diagnosis and Clinical Decision Making in Prostate Cancer

et al. 2016

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Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Although increased expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an effective indicator for the recurrence of PCa, its intended use as a screening marker for PCa is of considerable controversy. Recent research efforts in the field of PCa biomarkers have focused on the identification of tissue and fluid-based biomarkers that would be better able to stratify those individuals diagnosed with PCa who (i) might best receive no treatment (active surveillance of the disease); (ii) would benefit from existing treatments; or (iii) those who are likely to succumb to disease recurrence and/or have aggressive disease. The growing demand for better prostate cancer biomarkers has coincided with the development of improved discovery and evaluation technologies for multiplexed measurement of proteins in bio-fluids and tissues. This review aims to (i) provide an overview of these technologies as well as describe some of the candidate PCa protein biomarkers that have been discovered using them; (ii) address some of the general limitations in the clinical evaluation and validation of protein biomarkers; and (iii) make recommendations for strategies that could be adopted to improve the successful development of protein biomarkers to deliver improvements in personalized PCa patient decision making.

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“…In an effort to further risk stratify prostate cancer patients and find markers for aggressive disease, genomic biomarkers have been integrated into clinical practice and include Prolaris (Myriad Genetics), Oncotype DX Prostate Cancer Assay (Genomics Health, Inc), transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS-2), and prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) 7 . Oncotype DX tests for specific gene expression in prostate biopsy tissue and, in conjunction with National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk criteria, can be used to determine candidacy for AS 9 . The Prolaris test assesses the expression of genes primarily involved in cell cycle progression to directly evaluate tumor growth and determine the likelihood of disease progression 10 .…”

Section: Prostate Cancer Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%