Serum magnesium concentrations and metabolic variables in polycystic ovary syndrome

Kauffman, Robert P.; Tullar, Paul; Nipp, Ryan David; Castracane, V. Daniel

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0412.2010.01067.x

Cited by 22 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These higher incidences could be explained by the fact that in that paper hypomagnesemia was defined as serum magnesium level below 1.8 mg/dl, in contrast to the present study in which 1.7 mg/dl was used as a cut-off to define hypomagnesemia. And indeed, if we re-analyze our data with a cut-off serum magnesium value of 1.8mg/dl, 15,1% of the entire population is diagnosed with hypomagnesemia: 11.5% of the overweight and obese patients and 32.6% of the patients with DM2, which is more in line with the Guerrero-Romero study and to studies performed in patients with DM2 (14% to 48%) [18][19][20]. Also, racial differences in serum magnesium levels have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…This raises the question whether the relation between hypomagnesaemia and the higher HOMA-IR values exists independent of the excessive presence of VAT. In addition, hypomagnesaemia is the most frequent electrolyte disorder seen in T2DM patients as was also the case in our population [18][19][20]57], so the association between hypomagnesaemia and higher HOMA-IR might be purely related to the higher prevalence of T2DM in hypomagnesaemia patients. To clarify these associations, further research with a longitudinal set-up is definitely warranted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This inflammation might contribute to the onset of IR [14,17]. The prevalence of hypomagnesemia in T2DM has been reported to range between 14 and 48%, meaning that millions of people worldwide are affected [18][19][20]. In DM patients, magnesium deficiency is associated with the development of micro-and macrovascular complications [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - The Role of Magnesium

Milbouw¹,

Verhaegen²,

Verrijken³

et al. 2017

J Metabolic Synd

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Objectives: Hypomagnesaemia and insulin resistance are two major clinical problems, with intertwining pathophysiology. We aimed to explore this association in obese patients and in non-insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: Subjects were recruited from the outpatient diabetes/obesity clinic of the Antwerp University Hospital. The population (N=2731) consists of 2 subject groups with different degrees of insulin resistance and insulin secretory potential: 1) overweight (Body Mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m² and <30 kg/m²) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) subjects, 2) adult T2DM patients. Hypomagnesaemia was defined as serum magnesium <1.7 mg/dl. Insulin resistance was estimated using the Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR; cut-off point 2.82).Results: Hypomagnesaemia was present in 6.1% of the entire population. Patients with hypomagnesaemia had more visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and a higher HOMA-IR. They suffered more from the metabolic syndrome and T2DM. Patients with a HOMA-IR<2.82 were younger, had lower BMI and less VAT. They suffered less from hypomagnesaemia. Hypomagnesaemia was more prevalent in T2DM patients than in obese subjects without T2DM. Although serum magnesium and HOMA-IR were negatively correlated, logistic regression analysis showed that magnesium was not a significant predictor for HOMA-IR. Conclusions:Despite a significant negative correlation between magnesium and HOMA-IR, magnesium was not retained as a significant determinant of insulin resistance compared to the other predictors in our population of obese subjects and T2DM patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - The Role of Magnesium

Milbouw¹,

Verhaegen²,

Verrijken³

et al. 2017

J Metabolic Synd

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“…Serum magnesium deficiency in this study may be secondary to decreased dietary magnesium intake as serum magnesium was positively related to dietary magnesium intake 9 . Studies among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome did not show any correlation between serum magnesium and insulin resistance [21][22] . This may be due to hormonal alteration in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of magnesium with insulin resistance and inflammatory markers in subjects with known Coronary artery disease

Mahalle¹,

Mk²,

Kulkarni³

et al. 2014

J Cardiovasc. Dis. Res.

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INTRODUCTIONMagnesium is the second most abundant intracellular cation and is an essential element that has numerous biological functions. Magnesium is plentiful in green leafy, cereal, grain, nuts and legumes, however, refining or processing of food may deplete magnesium content by nearly 85% 1 . About 30% of ingested magnesium is absorbed by distal small intestine. Magnesium acts as a cofactor in many of enzymatic reactions in the human body. Magnesium is essential for the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, for intermediary metabolism particularly related to the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems. Over 300 enzymes are dependent on magnesium. Magnesium influences the enzymatic activity by binding to legends such as ATP in ATP-requiring enzymes, enolase, pyruvate kinase, and pyrophosphatase, leading to conformational change during ABSTRACT Background: Magnesium plays an important role in regulating insulin action and secretion. Dietary magnesium deficiency and hypomagnesemia have been associated with inflammation. There is paucity of data regarding this in Indian subjects. Hence, we studied the relation of serum and dietary magnesium with insulin resistance (IR) and inflammatory markers. Methods & Results:We studied the relation of serum high sensitive C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), interlukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF-α) with cardiovascular risk factors in three hundred coronary artery disease patients. Nutrition assessment was done at the time of recruitment. Patients were evaluated for anthropometry, cardiovascular risk factors, and blood samples were collected. Patients were divided into three groups according to serum magnesium levels; ≤1.6 (Group 1), >1.6-2.6 (Group 2) and: >2.6 mg/dl (Group 3) and into two groups according to recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for magnesium (≤350 mg/day and >350 mg/day). More than half of patients (58.6%) were having hypomagnesemia and 62% were consuming magnesium below RDA. Insulin and IR was significantly higher and insulin sensitivity was significantly lower in group 1 compared to group 2 and 3. Insulin and IR was correlated negatively; and insulin sensitivity was correlated positively with serum magnesium. Similarly inflammatory markers were significantly higher in group1 when compared with group 2 and 3 and they were correlated negatively with serum magnesium. Dietary magnesium was positively correlated with serum magnesium. Insulin and IR were significantly higher and insulin sensitivity was significantly lower in subjects with low RDA for magnesium. Insulin and IR were correlated negatively and sensitivity was correlated positively with dietary magnesium. Inflammatory markers; IL-6, TNF-α, and hs CRP were significantly high in subjects with low RDA for magnesium and were correlated negatively with dietary magnesium. Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia and low dietary magnesium is associated with IR and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary artery disease.

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“…However, other studies have shown that serum magnesium concentrations are indistinguishable between women with and without PCOS, and that while PCOS patients were 19 times greater to have magnesium deficiency, no correlation was found between this decreased magnesium concentration and insulin resistance. After adjusting for calcium concentration, the relationship between magnesium and PCOS was insignificant [47] [48]. This suggests that calcium concentration is related to PCOS, however, which would affect the Ca 2+ /Mg 2+ ratio and thus cardiovascular risk factors.…”

Section: Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium in Women’s Health and Gynecology

Tonick¹,

Muneyyirci-Delale²

2016

OJOG

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Magnesium is well known in the world of obstetrics for many important uses. It has been utilized in treating pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and preventing preterm labor, though it has been found recently that prolonged magnesium administration in pregnant women may result in adverse outcomes to fetal bone metabolism, resulting in a new FDA warning [1]. Outside of obstetrics, magnesium is recommended for treating the arrhythmias torsades de pointes and rapid atrial fibrillation, treating severe acute asthma, improving migraine symptoms, and for treating dyspepsia and constipation [2]. Many women in our modern society are magnesium deficient due to low dietary intake, and low dietary magnesium intake resulting in hypomagnesaemia has recently been shown to have many deleterious effects. Magnesium's uses are wide-reaching, touching many areas of women's health and gynecology from pre-menstrual syndrome to menopause, PCOS to endometriosis, and beyond.

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Serum magnesium concentrations and metabolic variables in polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract: Magnesium levels do not correspond with age, BMI, waist circumference, insulin sensitivity, glycemic levels, blood pressure, or lipid levels in reproductive-age women with PCOS. Magnesium concentrations are similar across PCOS phenotypes and indistinguishable from women without PCOS.

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - The Role of Magnesium

Predictors of Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - The Role of Magnesium

Relation of magnesium with insulin resistance and inflammatory markers in subjects with known Coronary artery disease

Magnesium in Women’s Health and Gynecology

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