Serum Lysins in Chickens Infected with Eimeria tenella

Burns, William C. G.; Challey, John R.

doi:10.2307/3276255

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These studies demonstrate that E. tenella sporozoite infectivity could be neutralized in viuo and in vitro via three mechanisms. As shown here and by others (Long et al 1963, Burns & Challey 1965 sporozoites can fix complement and be lysed via the alternative pathway of complement activation (Figures 2,3,5, and Table 5). Alternatively, antibody alone (without complement), shown by experiments with hyperimmune antiserum at low titre, can neutralize sporozoites (Figure 4 and Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Although the interaction of sporozoites of chicken coccidia with antibodies from various sources has been documented extensively, it is surprising that agglutination of sporozoites by immune sera has not been reported. However, sporozoite lysis (Long, Rose & Pierce 1963, Burns & Challey 1965, Speer, Wong & Schenkel 1983 immobiliza-tion (Herlich 1965) surface changes (Witlock & Danforth 1982, Speer et al 1985 and neutralization in uitro (Long & Rose 1972, Davis, Parry & Porter 1978, Danforth 1983 and in uiuo (Long et a1 1963, Herlich 1965, Rose 1974, Crane, Gnozzio & Murray 1985 have been observed. Since few quantitative techniques were used in sporozoite studies the biological significance of anti-sporozoite antibodies remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eimeria tenella: quantitative in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of mouse polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on sporozoites

Crane

Norman

Gnozzio

et al. 1986

Parasite Immunology

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Murine, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, raised against sporozoites of Eimeria tenella, were tested for their ability to neutralize sporozoite infectivity in vitro and in vivo. Neutralization was effected via three mechanisms. Firstly, sporozoites fixed complement, at low titres, and lysis occurred by the alternative pathway of complement activation. Secondly, in the absence of complement activity, the murine heat-inactivated, hyperimmune antiserum neutralized sporozoites at relatively low titres. At high titres, even though sporozoites were agglutinated, neither the heat-inactivated hyperimmune antiserum nor the monoclonal antibody neutralized sporozoites. Finally, in the presence of complement and specific antibodies, at titres which by themselves would not neutralize sporozoites, neutralization was effected due to lysis via the classical pathway of complement activation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eimeria tenella: quantitative in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of mouse polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on sporozoites

Crane

Norman

Gnozzio

et al. 1986

Parasite Immunology

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“…With cecal contents some complement-mediated, lethal effects were manifested by the increased uptake of trypan blue staining. This is assumed to be an intermediate stage in sporozoite lysis, as has been described, mediated by serum antibodies together with complement [2,4,9,13; 301, seen in the present results with serum as a deformation or stumping of sporozoites associated with trypan blue staining. This is evidence that under conditions of high gut permeability, complement may be present and functionally active together with IgG in the gut lumen.…”

Section: ++ -++supporting

confidence: 81%

Eimeria tenella: Local Antibodies and Interactions with the Sporozoite Surface

Trees¹,

Karim²,

McKellar³

et al. 1989

The Journal of Protozoology

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Using fixed sporozoites in a 3-layer immunofluorescence assay (TLIFA), class-specific, parasite-specific antibody responses in chicks to single-pulse infection with Eimeria tenella have been studied in gut contents and bile as well as plasma and feces. After infection with 10(3) oocysts, IgA antibody was first detected in the duodenal lumen, then in bile, plasma, cecum, and the distal small intestine. The kinetics of the bile IgA response correlated with that in plasma and peaked 9 days post-infection (d.p.i.); IgM was detected in gut contents and bile as well as plasma, and IgG was occasionally detected in gut contents, especially in the duodenum. In some experiments, IgA was detected in gut contents and bile to at least 21 d.p.i. Infection with 10(5) oocysts resulted in an earlier and increased response and relatively high IgG titers in cecal contents. Coproantibody was detected inconsistently and at low titer. When sporozoites that excysted in vitro were incubated in specific, antibody-positive (9 d.p.i.) cecal contents, some complement-mediated IgG-associated anti-sporozoite effects were observed; however, the major effect of cecal contents and the only effect of bile was a non-lethal agglutination of living sporozoites. By fractionation of cecal contents and immunoblotting this was confirmed to be IgA mediated; IgA antibodies in cecal contents and bile after infection were shown to bind to sporozoite membrane antigens by surface fluorescence as well as agglutination. Agglutination detected anti-sporozoite antibody in gut contents and bile up to 21 d.p.i., peaking between 7 and 13 d.p.i., corresponding with TLIFA results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…The increased time may be explained in part by the dilution with the NCS when supplementing the heat-inactivated ICS. However, no lysis or coat formation was observed with NCS, as previously described (3). Whether the formation of bulges or globular material on the sporozoites and merozoites was a result of bound host serum proteins, as in Trypanosoma lewisi (6), or of lytic activity on the surface of these forms was not determined and needs further investigation.…”

Section: Figs 7-12mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…YTIC effects o f immune sera on motile forms of Eimeria gressive effects of exposure t o antibody on the surface of spo-L tenella have been reported (3,7,13). Sporozoites and mer-rozoites and merozoites of E. tenella.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Changes Induced by Immune Serum on Eimeria tenella Sporozoites and Merozoites

Witlock¹,

Danforth²

1982

The Journal of Protozoology

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The surface of merozoites and sporozoites of Eimeria tenella was affected by incubation with E. tenella-immune chicken serum (ICS). Normal chicken serum (NCS) and heat-inactivated ICS had no effect on the pellicular surface of either developmental stage. Sporozoites formed surface bulges or swellings after 10 min of incubation with ICS, and by 15 min postincubation, the morphology of the sporozoites was distorted by a surface coating of fibrinous material. Merozoites exposed to ICS were similarly coated, but surface swelling was not as severe. The coating formed rapidly and was seen as early as 5 min postincubation. Sporozoites incubated with heat-inactivated ICS supplemented with normal chicken serum were coated with a fibrinous material and in some cases lysed. These data indicated that complement must be present for the surface interaction to occur.

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Serum Lysins in Chickens Infected with Eimeria tenella

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Eimeria tenella: quantitative in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of mouse polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on sporozoites

Eimeria tenella: quantitative in vitro and in vivo studies on the effects of mouse polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on sporozoites

Eimeria tenella: Local Antibodies and Interactions with the Sporozoite Surface

Surface Changes Induced by Immune Serum on Eimeria tenella Sporozoites and Merozoites

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