Serum Levels of Vitamin D in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

Aim: То investigate the serum levels of vitamin D in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma. Patients and methods: In this study we measured the serum levels of vitamin D in 37 patients (19 women, 18 men) at a median age of 68 years and a diagnosis of MM according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria. The immunoassay tests used for the quantification of 25 (OH) – Vitamin D were original ELISA kits Immundiagnostic and the measurement was done before starting the treatment. Results: Serum levels below the optimum (<30 ng/ml) were recorded in all 37 patients. The median value of vitamin D was 4.3±6.5 mg/ml, the maximum value measured was 24.7 mg/ml, which is below the lower limit of the reference value for deficiency. Conclusions: In this study, we found extremely low serum vitamin D levels in most of the newly diagnosed MM patients.

Vitamin D and Multiple Myeloma: A Scoping Review

“…Records from all three deduped databases were then amalgamated in Zotero and underwent inter-database deduplication, removing 207 studies, leaving 1264 which were subsequently uploaded to Rayyan for screening. Abstract and title screening (blinded) performed independently by two investigators (NM and AP) excluded 1214 records, leaving 50 to screen by full text, of which 35 were subsequently excluded, yielding 15 publications [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] for this scoping review. One study produced two publications reporting on different outcomes [ 21 , 22 ]; hence 14 separate studies were identified yielding 15 overall publications.…”

“…Abstract and title screening (blinded) performed independently by two investigators (NM and AP) excluded 1214 records, leaving 50 to screen by full text, of which 35 were subsequently excluded, yielding 15 publications [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] for this scoping review. One study produced two publications reporting on different outcomes [ 21 , 22 ]; hence 14 separate studies were identified yielding 15 overall publications. A detailed description of the screening process is presented via a PRISMA flow-chart ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…All of the identified studies in this scoping review applied an observational study design, including four cross-sectional studies (yielding five publications) [ 19 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 28 ], three retrospective cohorts [ 14 , 17 , 27 ], two case-control studies [ 16 , 25 ], one cross-sectional study with an additional retrospective chart review [ 18 ], one retrospective chart review [ 26 ], one matched controlled cohort [ 23 ], one prospective cohort [ 20 ], and one case report [ 15 ]. No experimental studies were identified in the literature landscape.…”

“…The region producing the most publications (n = 3) on the topic of vitamin D and MM is the United States of America (USA) [ 14 , 19 , 26 ], with the majority of studies (n = 10) conducted in regions that are currently members of the OECD [ 14 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Eleven publications (ten conducted studies) reported on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (as a tally) among participants ( Table 3 ) [ 14 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], none reported on the risk of developing MM and vitamin D status, and eleven publications (ten conducted studies) reported on prognosis and/or clinical outcomes associated with vitamin D status [ 14 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Three publications explored the implications of VDR differences rather than vitamin D status in patients with MM [ 16 , 23 , 25 ].…”

“…The definition of vitamin D status as either “sufficient” or “deficient” varied between publications according to both cutoff values and units of measurement. The most common paired cutoff values within the same publication (n = 4) [ 18 , 21 , 22 , 27 ] were <20 ng/mL 25(OH)D (deficient) and >30 ng/mL 25(OH)D (sufficient). After conversion of ng/mL to nmol/L (and vice versa), the most common individual cutoff value for vitamin D deficiency from all publications was <50 nmol/L (<20 ng/mL) 25(OH)D (n = 9) [ 14 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] and >75 nmol/L (>30 ng/mL) 25(OH)D for vitamin D sufficiency (n = 6) [ 17 , 18 , 21 , 22 , 27 , 28 ].…”