Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are markedly elevated in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis

Li, C. G.; Reynolds, I.; Ponting, J; P, Holt; Hillarby, M. C.; Kumar, Saran

doi:10.1093/rheumatology/37.12.1303

Cited by 42 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The procedure of immunoassay for measuring plasma VEGF has been published [16]. For this assay, 96-well white plates were coated with 100µl/well of goat anti-VEGF-165 antibody (R&D systems) diluted 1/1000 (1µg/ml) in 0.1M carbonate buffer (pH 9.6), and incubated in a humid box overnight at 4°C.…”

Section: Indirect Immunoassay For Vegfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma CD105 and vitreous VEGF levels in diabetic retinopathy

Malik

Aziz

et al. 2005

J Cellular Mol Med

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Diabetic retinopathy is the major cause of premature blindness amongst adults in the western world [1].Characterised by microvascular occlusion and leakage due to endothelial and pericyte cell damage and basement membrane thickening, macular oedema, neovascularisation and vitreous haemorrhage can eventually result in blindness [1]. Sustained hyperglycaemia results in retinal under perfusion, hypoxia and retinal ischaemia. These changes induce the production of AbstractDiabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in the industrialized world. Hyperglycaemia induces retinal hypoxia that upregulates a range of vasoactive factors which may lead to macular oedema and/or angiogenesis and hence potentially sight threatening retinopathy. In this study, we have focused on the association of CD105 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy by means of quantifying their expression in the plasma and vitreous of diabetic patients. CD105 levels were quantified in the plasma of 38 type I diabetic patients at various stages of retinopathy and 15 non-diabetic controls. In an additional cohort of 11 patients with advanced proliferative retinopathy and 23 control subjects, CD105 and VEGF were measured in the vitreous. The values were expressed as median (range) and statistical analysis was carried out using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. Plasma CD105 levels were significantly increased in diabetic patients [1.8 (1.1-2.4) ng/ml] compared with non-diabetic controls [0.7 (0.3-1.8) ng/ml] (p<0.01). Plasma CD105 levels were elevated in diabetic patients with all stages of retinopathy, the highest level was observed in background retinopathy [2.3 (2.1-2.5) ng/ml] followed by proliferative retinopathy [2.1 (0.9-2.8) ng/ml] and advanced proliferative retinopathy [1.4 (0.6-1.8) ng/ml]. Vitreous contents of CD105 did not differ between controls and patients with advanced proliferative retinopathy, but vitreous levels of VEGF were elevated by ~3-fold in patients with advanced proliferative retinopathy [7.2 (1.90-15.60) ng/ml] compared with the control subjects [1.80 (1.10-2.210)] (p<0.01). These observations indicate that plasma levels of CD105 and vitreous levels of VEGF are associated with diabetic retinopathy, suggesting that CD105 and the angiogenic factor VEGF may play a critical role in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. Further studies are required to determine whether circulating CD105 levels could serve as a surrogate marker for early stage retinopathy and for monitoring disease progression.

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Section: Indirect Immunoassay For Vegfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated plasma CD105 and vitreous VEGF levels in diabetic retinopathy

Malik

Aziz

et al. 2005

J Cellular Mol Med

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“…Several markers of endothelial cell damage, including factor VIII, growth factors, thrombomodulin, and endothelin-1, have been described to be elevated in the serum of patients with systemic necrotizing vasculitis [18][19][20]. A good correlation with disease activity has also been described indicating that serial measurements may be useful to monitor disease activity.…”

Section: Miscellaneousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory testing in the evaluation and diagnosis of vasculitis

Cuéllar

Espinoza

2000

Curr Rheumatol Rep

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A multitude of tests are available for the diagnosis and management of the vasculitides. Most of them are nonspecific but provide useful information that, when appropriately used in conjunction with the patient's history and physical examination can be of great assistance in arriving at a final diagnosis. In addition, information gathered may be of great help in monitoring disease activity and clinical response to therapy, in indicating the presence of specific organ system involvement, in monitoring toxicity of medication used, and in assessing prognosis. Serial measurements of acute phase reactants, complete blood cell count with differential, biochemistry profiles, urinalysis, and C3 and C4 levels should be obtained in all patients. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) determination provides valuable information and is highly specific for the diagnosis of small-vessel vasculitides, particularly Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis. ANCA levels can be particularly useful to assess disease activity in these disorders. Hepatitis-B and, more importantly, hepatitis-C testing is extremely useful, particularly in the presence of liver involvement and associated risk factors. Angiographic studies may confirm the diagnosis, particularly if there is laboratory and clinical evidence of specific organ involvement. It should be noted, however, that angiography may be normal even when vasculitis is present, or the findings may be nonspecific. A definite diagnosis is provided by a tissue biopsy. This should be performed whenever there is access to clinically affected tissue.

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“…High levels of circulating VEGF have been documented in various disorders, including inflammatory disease (Wegener's granulomatosis, RA, Crohn's disease, Kawasaki disease) and tumors (25)(26)(27)(33)(34)(35). In inflammatory diseases, VEGF pathogenicity has been related to increased vascular proliferation and permeability, which are responsible for pannus formation in RA (23) and new vasa vasorum of arterial walls in GCA (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence has been reported regarding the role of VEGF in the development of synovitis in RA (14,23,24) and in the pathogenesis of vasculitis such as Wegener's granulomatosis (25). Higher serum VEGF levels have been demonstrated in RA patients compared with those in normal control subjects (26,27).…”

Section: Conclusion Peripheral and Local Vegf Releases Have Differenmentioning

confidence: 99%