Serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: correlation with histological expression of ICAM-1 and tumour stage

Abstract

Summary The expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) seems to have an influence on the metastatic behaviour of tumour cells via immunological mechanisms. Recently, a soluble form of ICAM-1 was identified in physiological fluids. We analysed the serum levels of sICAM-1 in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and healthy individuals using a sandwich ELISA technique. Sera from 51 patients with NSCLC were tested for sICAM-1 (46 male, five female; age 38-81 years, median 64 years), 29 of whom presented with localized and 26 with metastatic disease. The control group consisted of 40 healthy individuals (20 smokers, 20 non-smokers). Immunohistochemical analysis of ICAM-1 in tumour cells was performed in 20 cases. Patients with NSCLC had significantly higher serum levels of sICAM-1 compared with healthy non-smokers (P = 0.00001) and smokers (P = 0.0328). Metastatic disease was associated with higher sICAM-1 than localized tumours (P = 0.0013). Only 11 out of 23 patients with localized NSCLC had sICAM-1 levels >300 ng ml-1, compared with 25 out of 28 patients with metastatic disease. Histological expression of ICAM-1 was positively correlated with serum sICAM-1 (P = 0.0399). No difference was observed between histological tumour types with regard to sICAM-1 or NSCLC expression of ICAM-1. In sequential analysis (13 patients), rising sICAM-1 levels predicted a short-term fatal outcome (P = 0.0054) but, overall, sICAM-1 levels did not correlate with prognosis. In the control group, smokers showed significantly higher levels than non-smokers (P = 0.0016). In contrast to patients with NSCLC, sICAM-1 in the control group was correlated to the leucocyte count (r = 0.580, P = 0.003). In conclusion, serum levels of sICAM-1 seem to be associated with tumour burden and histological expression of ICAM-1 in patients with NSCLC. However, the (patho-) physiological role of ICAM-1 in NSCLC remains to be determined.

Health Benefits of Phenolic Compounds Against Cancers

“…This ability would be explained by the regulation of many signaling molecules including drug transporters, cell proliferation regulators, members of the NF-κB signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways [78]. CD44 and CD54 played an important role in tumor metastasis by the mutual adhesion and interaction between cancer cells and vascular endothelial cells [79]. Tea polyphenols, known as catechins, have efects on cancer prevention, inhibition and anti-metastasis.…”

Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9/gelatinase B) proteolytically cleaves ICAM-1 and participates in tumor cell resistance to natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity

“…Similar to their normal hematopoietic and epithelial counterparts, leukemic cells and carcinomas express ICAM-1, which may be predicted to facilitate targeting by cytotoxic cells. However, ICAM-1 is shed from the surface of tumor cells, and serum levels of soluble ICAM-1 have even been proposed to provide an indicator of tumor burden (Grothey et al, 1998;Harning et al, 1991;Pizzolo et al, 1993). More to the point, shedding of ICAM-1 has been observed to inhibit cell mediated cytotoxicity and provide primary tumor cells as well as tumor cell lines with a mechanism of defense against cytolytic T cells and NK cells (Altomonte et al, 1993;Becker and Brocker, 1995;Becker et al, 1991;Fonsatti et al, 1997;Sanchez-Rovira et al, 1998).…”

Prognostic impact of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‑1 in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…It has recently been reported that ICAM-1 was a marker of HCC stem cells, and increased numbers of CD45 -ICAM + tumor cells in blood samples of HCC patients correlated with worse clinical outcomes (19). On the other hand, circulating sICAM-1 has been reported to be elevated in the serum of patients with various malignancies (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). With regard to HCC, Shimizu et al reported that sICAM-1 ≥1,000 ng/ml was associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients who had been treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (20), and Zhu et al reported that sICAM-1 >684 ng/ml was an independent prognostic factor for OS and RFS in HCC patients who had undergone surgical treatment (21).…”