Serum levels of S-100 protein and 5-S-cysteinyldopa as markers of melanoma progression

Bánfalvi, Teodóra; Gilde, Katalin; Boldizsár, M.; Kremmer, T.; Ottó, Szabolcs

doi:10.1053/paor.1999.0218

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Serum S-100B values of the patients have been compared according to stages. Based on earlier detailed analysis 0.12 µg/l was used as cutoff value [7, 8, 9]. 37 stage I–II patients were examined, their S-100B level was within the normal range (table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum S-100B has been used to monitor the progression of malignant melanoma [1, 7, 8, 9], but reliable data have only been reported in metastatic disease [12, 13, 14]. The differential diagnosis of melanocytic tumors is based on the expression of several proteins, such as S-100B [3, 4, 5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AJCC staging system was used due to the better correlation with pathological sample findings compared to other staging systems [17]. Serum S-100B protein concentration was measured using the LIA-mat Sangtec-100 monoclonal two-site immunoluminometric assay (Byk Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary) as described [9, 12]. The normal range in our study was between 0.010 and 0.120 µg/l.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the serum of patients with malignant melanoma S-100B protein can also be used as a marker of disease progression [7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. However, S-100B serum levels can only be used reliably in patients with metastatic disease but not at earlier stages [12, 13, 14, 15, 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogenous S-100B Protein Expression Patterns in Malignant Melanoma and Association with Serum Protein Levels

Bánfalvi¹,

Udvarhelyi

Orosz

et al. 2003

Oncology

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Objective: Serum S-100B is a reliable tumor marker of malignant melanoma, but efficient use is restricted to patients with metastatic disease. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess serum S-100B levels at different stages of malignant melanoma and to compare these levels with the expression of the S-100B phenotype in primary tumors and lymph node metastases. Methods: Fifty-nine patients were included in this study; serum S-100B protein was measured using an immunoluminometric assay while the expression pattern in the primary tumor was determined by immunohistochemistry using an anti-S-100B monoclonal antibody. Results: Serum S-100B concentrations were significantly elevated in stage III (p = 0.01) patients, with normal levels in stage I–II. The most frequent S-100B protein expression pattern of the melanoma tissue was found to be diffuse staining observed in around half of the cases (52.5%) followed by heterogeneous (30.5%) and focal patterns (17%), being independent of the stage as well as the lymph node involvement. In stage I–II patients, the various staining patterns did not correlate with the serum concentration of the S-100B protein, while in stage III patients with heterogenous or diffuse S-100B staining patterns in tumor tissue, the serum marker concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in patients with focal staining. Furthermore, S-100B staining of the melanoma tissue also differed (low/negative, medium and strong staining), and serum marker concentrations corresponded to the pattern of the staining intensity. In stage I–II, only strong staining was associated with elevated serum S-100B concentrations while in stage III medium and strong staining was found to be associated with significantly higher serum marker concentrations compared to patients with tumors with low/negative staining (p < 0.05). Conclusions: In malignant melanoma characterized by focal and/or low S-100B staining in the tumor tissue determined by immunohistochemistry, S-100B monitoring in the serum may not suffice to detect disease progression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogenous S-100B Protein Expression Patterns in Malignant Melanoma and Association with Serum Protein Levels

Bánfalvi¹,

Udvarhelyi

Orosz

et al. 2003

Oncology

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“…Serum S-100B is a useful tumormarker in melanoma patients, indicating the presence of distant metastases and reflecting the tumor burden. In addition, S-100B has prognostic implications (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy response assessment in stage IV melanoma patients—comparison of 18F-FDG-PET/CT, CT, brain MRI, and tumormarker S-100B

Strobel

Dummer

Steinert

et al. 2008

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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PURPOSE: This study aims to compare the use of 18F-FDG-PET/CT, CT, brain MRI, and tumormarker S-100B in chemotherapy response assessment of stage IV melanoma patients. METHODS: In 25 patients with stage IV melanoma, FDG-PET/CT and S-100B after 2-3 months (three cycles) of chemotherapy was compared with baseline PET/CT and baseline S-100B. Retrospectively, the response was correlated with the outcome. In patients with clinical suspicion for brain metastases, MRI or CCT was performed. RESULTS: There was agreement between FDG-PET/CT and CT regarding response to chemotherapy in all patients. There was a clear trend to a longer OS of PET/CT responders (n = 10) compared with PET/CT non-responders (n = 15; p = 0.072) with remarkably better 1-year OS of 80% compared to 40% (p = 0.048). There was a significant longer PFS of PET/CT responders compared with PET/CT non-responders (p = 0.002). S-100B was normal at baseline in eight of 22 patients where it was available. Chemotherapy response assessment with S-100B failed to show correlation with OS or PFS. Eleven patients developed brain metastases during treatment, first detected by PET/CT in two and by MRI or CCT in nine of 11 patients. Appearance of brain metastases was associated with a poor survival. CONCLUSIONS: 18F-FDG-PET/CT and CT alone are equally suitable for chemotherapy response assessment in melanoma patients and clearly superior to S-100B. PET/CT responders have better early survival, but this is shortlived due to late therapy failure-often with brain recurrence. Additional brain MRI for therapy response assessment in such high-risk patients is mandatory to detect brain metastases missed by PET/CT. Chemotherapy Response Assessment in MethodsIn 25 patients with stage IV melanoma FDG-PET/CT and S-100B after 2-3 months (3 cycles) of chemotherapy was compared with baseline PET/CT and baseline S-100B.Retrospectively, the response was correlated with the outcome. In patients with clinical suspicion for brain metastases MRI or CCT was performed. ResultsThere was agreement between FDG-PET/CT and CT regarding response to chemotherapy in all patients. There was a clear trend to a longer OS of PET/CTresponders (n=10) compared with PET/CT non-responders (n=15) (p=.072) with remarkably better 1-year OS of 80% compared to 40% (p=.048). There was a significant longer PFS of PET/CT-responders compared with PET/CT nonresponders (p=.002). S-100B was normal at baseline in 8 of 22 patients where it was available. Chemotherapy response assessment with S -100B failed to show correlation with OS or PFS. 11 patients developed brain metastases during treatment, first detected by PET/CT in 2 and by MRI or CCT in 9 of 11 patients.Appearance of brain metastases was associated with a poor survival.

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Comparison of prognostic significance of serum 5-S-Cysteinyldopa, LDH and S-100B protein in Stage III–IV malignant melanoma

Bánfalvi

Boldizsár

Gergye

et al. 2002

Pathol. Oncol. Res.

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5-S-cysteinyldopa is a precursor of pheomelanin. S-100B protein is a low molecular weight, acidic, calcium binding, cytoplasmatic protein. LDH was defined as the most important serum parameter in disseminated melanoma. The aim of the present study was to compare the prognostic values of serum 5-S-Cysteinyldopa, S-100B and LDH concentrations in Stage III-IV melanoma patients. Serum samples were taken from 179 Stage III-IV melanoma patients at diagnosis. Serum 5-S-CD concentrations were determined by HPLC, S-100B protein by immunoluminometric assay while LDH by UV kinetic method. The mean/median concentrations of LDH, S-100B protein and 5-S-CD in Stage III patients ranged around the normal level. In Stage IV, the markers ranked as S100B = 5-S-CD > LDH for sensitivity, S-100B > LDH > 5-S-CD for specificity and LDH = S100B = 5-S-CD for positive predictive value, respectively. Furthermore, mean marker concentrations of patients with progressive disease differed significantly from nonprogresssive cases (when staging categories have been disregarded). Survival analysis indicated, that the initially elevated LDH and S-100B level in Stage IV disease predicts comparably short survival. Results of our study suggest that these serum marker values correlate well with Stages and disease progression. In Stage IV melanoma, the markers had appropriate sensitivity, high specificity as well as important positive predictive value. Among the studied serum markers S-100B protein and LDH proved to be similarly reliable in respect to the clinical outcome.

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Serum levels of S-100 protein and 5-S-cysteinyldopa as markers of melanoma progression

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Heterogenous S-100B Protein Expression Patterns in Malignant Melanoma and Association with Serum Protein Levels

Heterogenous S-100B Protein Expression Patterns in Malignant Melanoma and Association with Serum Protein Levels

Chemotherapy response assessment in stage IV melanoma patients—comparison of 18F-FDG-PET/CT, CT, brain MRI, and tumormarker S-100B

Comparison of prognostic significance of serum 5-S-Cysteinyldopa, LDH and S-100B protein in Stage III–IV malignant melanoma

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