Serum Levels of Interleukin-6 and Acute Phase Responses

Nijsten, Maarten; Groot, Els R. de; Duis, H. J. ten; Klasen, Henk J.; Hack, C. E.; Aarden, Lucien A.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91413-9

Cited by 428 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This is in agreement with the study of Leclerc [1]. Other clinical studies on septic shock patients [7,19], burn patients [15,20], and experimental studies [13], have presented positive correlations between CRP or other acute phase proteins and survival. CRP has been demonstrated to bind to damaged tissue in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…An important portion of the pathogenesis however is mediated by endogenous host factors, particularly cytokines [3]. In clinical studies, especially in SMD, the presence and concentration of TNF, IL-I, and IL-6 in serum turned out to be related to severity of disease and survival [2, [4][5][6][7][13][14][15][16]. Also the results in this study confirm the existence of a clear relation between the serum levels of TNF and IL-6 and both severity and survival of pediatric SMD-patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relation between cytokines and routine laboratory data in children with septic shock and purpura

et al. 1994

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Abstract.Objective: To establish the relation between routine laboratory data (lactate, fibrinogen, CRP) and cytokines (TNF, IL-1 and -6) and to estimate their prognostic value in pediatric patients with severe infectious purpura on admission.Design: Prospective study. Setting." Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Patients: 17 children aged 5-172 months (median 46) were hospitalized in our PICU in 1989-90 with severe infectious purpura. Neisseria meningitidis was isolated in 15 children and Haemophilus influenzae in two. The patients were divided into 3 groups: non-shock, shock and severe shock leading to death. Shock was defined by standard criteria.Measurements: Arterial blood was sampled for lactate, CRP, fibrinogen, TNF, and IL-1 and -6 on admission. The PRISM (pediatric risk of morality)-score was recorded.Methods." Statistical analysis was performed with the Student's t-test using the logarithmic values of the cytokine concentration, and Spearman correlation analysis.Results." According to the shock criteria, 9 patients were in shock of whom 4 did not survive. Significant differences existed between the 3 groups concerning lactate, TNF, and IL-6. Fibrinogen, CRP, IL-1, and PRISM-score discriminated only between survivors and non-survivors. A highly significant correlation existed between cytokines, the PRISM-score and lactate (TNF: r = 0.69, IL-I: r --0.56, IL-6: r = 0.65, PRISM: r ---0.65). A significant inverse correlation existed between cytokines and CRP (TNF: r=-0.55, IL-I: r=-0.64, and IL-6: r = -0.56), and IL-6 and fibrinogen (r = -0.65). Conclusion:These results show a significant correlation between cytokines and lactate, and lactate, TNF and IL-6 are closely associated with the severity of septic shock with purpura in children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation between cytokines and routine laboratory data in children with septic shock and purpura

et al. 1994

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“…Similarly, a positive correlation between serum levels of IL-6 and CRP has been reported in patients with severe burns, with an incremental change in IL-6 levels being observed earlier (42). In addition, in patients with giant cell arteritis who have elevated serum levels of both IL-6 and LIF, the levels of IL-6 and CRP decrease rapidly after corticosteroid therapy, but the LIF levels are not affected (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The synovial expression and serum levels of interleukin‐6, interleukin‐11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin m in rheumatoid arthritis

Okamoto

Yamamura

Morita

et al. 1997

Arthritis & Rheumatism

212

146

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Objective. To determine the expression of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), IL‐11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and oncostatin M (OSM) and their major cellular sources in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, as well as the correlation of circulating levels of these IL‐6‐type cytokines and C‐reactive protein (CRP). Methods. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels for IL‐6, IL‐11, LIF, and OSM were determined by using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Results. Cells isolated from the synovium of RA patients expressed mRNA for IL‐6, IL‐11, LIF, and OSM at higher levels than did synovial cells from osteoarthritis (OA) patients, and spontaneously released greater quantities of these proteins in culture. Fibroblast cell lines derived from RA synovium were able to produce IL‐6, IL‐11, and LIF, but not OSM, when stimulated with IL‐1 and tumor necrosis factor α. OSM was found to be produced spontaneously by synovial tissue macrophages. IL‐6, IL‐11, LIF, and OSM were present in synovial fluid from the RA patients; levels of IL‐6, LIF, and OSM were present in significantly greater quantities in RA patients than in OA patients. However, only IL‐6 was significantly elevated in the serum of RA patients and correlated with the serum CRP level, while other IL‐6‐type cytokines were not detected. Conclusion. IL‐6, IL‐11, LIF, and OSM are all produced in large amounts at the site of disease activity, but IL‐6 derived from synovial fibroblasts may be the major hormone‐like mediator that induces the hepatic synthesis of acute‐phase proteins in RA.

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“…Its activity can be readily detected in plasma from patients with various inflammatory diseases or after endotoxin injection (46). Circulating levels of IL-6 increase very early following injury, preceding the hepatic acute-phase response (47). The levels of IL-6 in serum or plasma are far greater than those of IL-1 in similar specimens and correlate closely with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Lotz M: unpublished observations), which is the test most frequently used to determine disease activity in crystal-induced arthritis, and in contrast to IL-1, IL-6 retains its activity when bound to a,-macroglobulin (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory microcrystals stimulate interleukin‐6 production and secretion by human monocytes and synoviocytes

Guerne¹,

Terkeltaub²,

Zuraw³

et al. 1989

Arthritis & Rheumatism

172

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Crystal-related joint diseases are often associated with systemic inflammatory manifestations, including increased levels of acute-phase proteins, leukocytosis, and fever. Recently, interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been identified as a pluripotent mediator of inflammatory and immunologic responses and the major hepatocytestimulating factor. In this study, we demonstrated that monosodium urate (MSU) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals, and to a lesser extent, hydroxyapatite crystals, increased IL-6 production by synoviocytes and monocytes in vitro. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that MSU and CPPD crystals, but not hydroxyapatite crystals, were able to increase the release of newly synthesized IL-6. Crystal-induced Publication number 5830-BCR from the Research

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Serum Levels of Interleukin-6 and Acute Phase Responses

Cited by 428 publications

References 4 publications

Relation between cytokines and routine laboratory data in children with septic shock and purpura

Relation between cytokines and routine laboratory data in children with septic shock and purpura

The synovial expression and serum levels of interleukin‐6, interleukin‐11, leukemia inhibitory factor, and oncostatin m in rheumatoid arthritis

Inflammatory microcrystals stimulate interleukin‐6 production and secretion by human monocytes and synoviocytes

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