Serum levels of interleukin-1b, tumour necrosis factor-a and interleukin-2 in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation with disease activity

Altomonte, L; Zoli, Angelo; Mirone, L.; Scolieri, Palma; Magarò, M.

doi:10.1007/bf02207957

Cited by 53 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In patients affected by RA, cytokine production, especially that of ILl, IL6 and TNF, is significantly enhanced [11,19]. In this study, ILl J3 and TNF~ levels appeared significantly to correlate negatively with serum zinc and positively with serum copper concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1? and tumour necrosis factor ?

et al. 1998

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Serum zinc and copper levels and serum interleukin 1 beta (IL1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels were evaluated in 57 female patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to investigate a possible role of IL1 beta and TNF alpha on zinc and copper homeostasis in RA. Serum zinc levels were significantly lower and serum copper levels significantly higher in RA patients when compared with osteoarthritis or asymmetrical psoriatic oligoarthritis patients and with normal controls. No differences were observed in serum IgM rheumatoid factor positive and serum IgM rheumatoid factor negative patients as regards serum zinc and copper concentration. In RA patients the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and acute-phase proteins correlated negatively with serum zinc and positively with serum copper. IL1 beta and TNF alpha were found to correlate negatively with zinc and positively with copper in RA patients. Lower levels of zinc may be due to an accumulation of zinc-containing proteins in the liver and in the inflamed joints in RA. Elevated serum copper levels seem to be linked to the increased synthesis of ceruloplasmin by the liver.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Serum ILl 13 and TNFcz were found to be elevated in RA patients and to correlate with disease activity [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1? and tumour necrosis factor ?

et al. 1998

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“…In RA, this would mean that patients need to be in prolonged remission. In remission, levels of inflammatory mediators are low (11,13,17), and thus osteoclast activation and osteoblast inhibition will be decreased, possibly resulting in bone gain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in hand bone mineral density and the association with the level of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Bone mineral density measurements in a multicenter randomized clinical trial

Dirven

Güler‐Yüksel

Beus

et al. 2011

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To determine if metacarpal bone mineral density (mBMD) gain occurs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). If mBMD loss is driven by inflammation, we expect to find mBMD gain in patients who are in remission. Methods. mBMD was measured by digital x-ray radiogrammetry in consecutive radiographs of 145 patients with RA with either continuous high disease activity (HDA; Disease Activity Score [DAS] >2.4), low disease activity (LDA; 1.6 > DAS < 2.4), or continuous clinical remission (CR; DAS <1.6) during a 1-year observation period. The association of mBMD changes with disease activity was investigated with multinomial regression analysis. Next, clinical variables associated with mBMD gain were identified. Results. Mean change in mBMD in CR patients was ؊0.03%, compared to ؊3.13% and ؊2.03% in HDA and LDA patients, respectively (overall, P < 0.001). Of the patients in CR, 32% had mBMD loss (less than or equal to ؊4.6 mg/cm 2 /year), compared to 62% and 66% of the patients with HDA or LDA, respectively, whereas 26% of the patients in CR had mBMD gain (>4.6 mg/cm 2 /year), compared to 2% of the patients with HDA and 5% of the patients with LDA. Patients in CR had a higher chance of having mBMD gain, compared with LDA and HDA (relative risk [RR] 14.9, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.0 -18.7 and RR 4.7, 95% CI 1.2-6.3, respectively). CR, hormone replacement therapy, and lower age were significant independent predictors of mBMD gain. Conclusion. In RA, mBMD gain occurs primarily in patients in continuous (>1 year) CR and rarely in patients with continuous HDA or LDA. This suggests that mBMD loss is driven by inflammation.

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“…Recently, various attempts have been carried out in adult RA patients to improve the characterization and understanding of the disease by determination of levels of cytokines andlor their soluble receptors that are critically involved in the inflammatory process (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) t By least-squares regression analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Serum cytokines in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with conventional inflammation parameters and clinical subtypes

Mangge

Kenzian

Gallistl

et al. 1995

Arthritis & Rheumatism

175

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Objective. To examine the usefulness of determining extended serum cytokine profiles in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), for the purpose of improving differential diagnosis and monitoring disease activity. Methods. In a 2‐year prospective study, serum levels of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), soluble IL‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R), IL‐6, IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and the p55 soluble TNF receptor (sTNFR) were repeatedly determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 40 patients with JRA, 13 patients with postinfectious arthropathies, and 30 healthy controls. The data were compared with conventional parameters of inflammation, such as C‐reactive protein (CRP), iron and hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) counts, and platelet counts. WBC subsets were analyzed by flow cytofluorometry. Results. At the first visit and at the peak of inflammatory activity according to CRP levels and/or ESR, serum levels of sIL‐2R, IL‐6, and sTNFR in JRA patients correlated significantly with conventional inflammation indicators, whereas IL‐1β, IL‐8, and TNFα did not. No changes in leukocyte subset distribution were noted. Among the different clinical subtypes of JRA, sIL‐2R, IL‐6, and sTNFR values at the time of the initial visit showed a pattern similar to CRP, whereby patients with systemic disease exhibited by far the highest values. TNFα and IL‐1β were variably elevated in certain JRA subtypes. Patients with postinfectious arthropathies showed elevated levels of CRP, sIL‐2R, TNFα, and sTNFR, which did not differ significantly from levels in the various JRA subtypes with the exception of systemic disease. Detailed analysis of types I and II pauciarticular JRA revealed that levels of CRP, IL‐1β, and TNFα were elevated in patients with type I disease. While these parameters were invariably normal in patients with type II disease, sTNFR and sIL‐2R were still found to be significantly elevated. Followup studies suggested that persistently high sTNFR values are a better indicator of JRA activity than are measurements of other cytokines or CRP. Conclusion. JRA is associated with significant and consistent changes in serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and soluble receptors. For the clinical monitoring of JRA, determination of levels of sTNFR, and to some extent sIL‐2R, may be particularly useful, since these determinations yield information about subtype and/or activity of disease that is not available from conventional parameters of inflammation.

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Serum levels of interleukin-1b, tumour necrosis factor-a and interleukin-2 in rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation with disease activity

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1? and tumour necrosis factor ?

Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1? and tumour necrosis factor ?

Changes in hand bone mineral density and the association with the level of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Bone mineral density measurements in a multicenter randomized clinical trial

Serum cytokines in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: correlation with conventional inflammation parameters and clinical subtypes

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