Serum levels of gamma interferon in patients with Down's syndrome

Increased Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Down syndrome Children Upon Stimulation with Live Influenza A Virus

“…Surprisingly the IFN-γ levels in DS were already elevated before incubation with influenza A virus, indicating a permanent hyperactivation state of IFN-γ in DS. Our data confirm the findings by Torre et al who showed that IFN-γ production is higher in adults with DS [39]. Whether these higher IFN-γ levels reflect a dysregulation of IFN-γ production in DS or continuous viral infections in DS is as yet unknown.…”

Effects of the β-Amyloid and Carboxyl-terminal Fragment of Alzheimer's Amyloid Precursor Protein on the Production of the Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 by Human Monocytic THP-1

“…Moreover, these observations together support the current hypothesis that IFN-␥ could act as an inflammatory amplifier aggravating the neurodegenerative process through priming microglia or monocytes/macrophages for secretion of proinflammatory cytokines (53,54). In fact, there have been reports of hyperproduction of IFN-␥ in the DS thymus and increased IFN-␥ in the sera of DS patients (55,56). In addition, a recent study has demonstrated an increased generation and the release of TNF-␣ and IFN-␥ from the immune cells of AD patients (26) further supporting in vivo relevance of this study and a potential immunological mechanism associated with AD neuropathology.…”

Curvas padrão pôndero-estatural de portadores de Síndrome de Down procedentes da região urbana da cidade de São Paulo

“…Havendo referências de que as subclasses do tipo IgG1 e IgG3 estão elevadas e IgG2 e IgG4 estão mais freqüentemente reduzidas no início da adolescência, entre 9 e 12 anos de idade (ANNERÉN et al, 1992). Na resposta da imunidade celular dos portadores de SD são descritos vários comprometimentos por anormalidades estruturais: do timo (LEVIN et al, 1979;TROISI et al, 1985); 33 da diferenciação dos linfócitos-T, prejudicando a imunocompetência para vírus, fungos, bactérias e síntese de anticorpo (MURPHY et al, 1995); da produção de interleucinas (GEREZ et al, 1991); e da resposta ao interferon-γ (INFγ) (SASAKI & OBARA, 1969;RIGAS et al, 1970;MURPHY et al, 1993;TORRE et al, 1995).…”