Serum Levels of Antibiotics in Young and Old Subjects Following Administration of Dihydrostreptomycin and Tetracycline

Vartia, K.; Leikola, E.

doi:10.1093/geronj/15.4.392

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Leikola and Vartia (24) found that the serum level of G‐penicillin, three hours after intramuscular injection, was 0.91 mcg/ml as opposed to 0.07 mcg/ml in younger patients. With dihydrostreptomycin and tetracycline, these authors found in a subsequent study (25), much higher blood levels of these two antibiotics in old patients compared to young patients. For example, twelve hours after intramuscular injection, the concentration of dihydrostreptomycin in old patients was 4.4 mcg/ml with a corresponding figure in young patients of 1.9.…”

Section: Drug Excretion and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Reduced tubular secretory capacity in the elderly is suggested by the observation that following intramuscular injections of antibiotics, including penicillin, dihydrostreptomycin and tetracycline, higher blood levels and longer plasma half‐lives are observed (24, 25, 51). Leikola and Vartia (24) found that the serum level of G‐penicillin, three hours after intramuscular injection, was 0.91 mcg/ml as opposed to 0.07 mcg/ml in younger patients.…”

Section: Drug Excretion and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, morphine is most toxic in young and old rats; the maximum degree of tolerance to its lethal effects is seen in the middle‐aged animal (23). Further, serum levels of antibiotics after intramuscular administration tend to be high in both very young and very old human subjects (24, 25). This has been explained on the basis of undeveloped renal function in the young and declining renal capacity in the aged.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pharmacodynamic Principles of Drug Therapy in the Aged*

Bender¹

1974

J American Geriatrics Society

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The geriatric patient responds differently to some drugs than does the younger adult, and consequently certain precautions should be taken when prescribing a therapeutic regimen for the elderly. Increasing age is accompanied by functional changes in many of the systems that control the way a drug is metabolized and the response that it evokes. Apparently it is these changes which underlie the modified effect seen clinically in geriatric patients. Age tends to reduce and delay the absorption of substances from the gastrointestinal tract, impair and delay drug clearance and excretion by the kidneys, and reduce the rate of enzyme destruction. The plasma half‐life of penicillin, digoxin, antipyrine, or phenylbutazone is extended significantly in the aged so that higher circulating concentrations are maintained for longer periods. Other age‐related changes influence the effect of a drug once it has combined with its receptor. These include an altered number of receptor sites, a decrease in the transmitter content of affected tissues, an increase in the rigidity of responsive tissues, and an overall decline in homeostatic capability.

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Section: Drug Excretion and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Drug Excretion and Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Pharmacodynamic Principles of Drug Therapy in the Aged*

Bender¹

1974

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…Pharmacokinetic studies of tetracyclines in older subjects are limited. Vartia et al compared serum concentrations of tetracycline in young and old subjects after intramuscular administration 247 . Renal function data were incomplete, and other pharmacokinetic parameters were not studied.…”

Section: Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

Yoshikawa¹

1990

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…Advancing age may grossly affect the circulating levels of a drug, elderly individuals often displaying much higher plasma concentrations than younger subjects (Vartia & Leikola, 1960;Ewy, Kapadia, Yao, Lullin & Marcus, 1969;Crooks, O'Malley & Stevenson, 1976). Such changes may increase the risk of toxicity in the elderly who may be more susceptible to the effects of drugs (Castleden, George, Marcer & Hallett, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol and its metabolites.

Quarterman¹,

Kendall²,

DeRuiter³

1981

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1Plasma concentrations of metoprolol and a pharmacologically active metabolite, H119/66, have been measured in young and elderly volunteers after a single dose of 100 mg metoprolol tartrate and after repeated administration over a period of 1 week. Whilst concentrations of metoprolol are similar in each group, concentrations of H119/66 are approximately twice as high in the elderly. 2 Concentrations of unchanged metoprolol and of the major, but pharmacologically inactive, metabolite, H117/04, together with the two active metabolites of metoprolol have been determined in urine. Only the excretion of metoprolol was diminished in the elderly. 3 Areas under the plasma concentration curve for metoprolol after repeated administration are greater than would be predicted from single dose data, and possible explanations for this are discussed. Concentrations of the pharmacologically active metabolite, H119/66, remain unaltered during chronic dosing of metoprolol. 4 This study has shown that the effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol and its metabolites is less pronounced than that observed for other drugs.

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Serum Levels of Antibiotics in Young and Old Subjects Following Administration of Dihydrostreptomycin and Tetracycline

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Pharmacodynamic Principles of Drug Therapy in the Aged*

Pharmacodynamic Principles of Drug Therapy in the Aged*

Antimicrobial Therapy for the Elderly Patient

The effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol and its metabolites.

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