Serum Level of Trefoil Factor 2 can Predict the Extent of Gastric Spasmolytic Polypeptide‐Expressing Metaplasia in the H. pylori‐Infected Gastric Cancer Relatives

Abstract

The serum TFF2 level cannot predict SPEM or IM in H. pylori-infected relatives of patients with gastric cancer. For H. pylori-infected relatives with CGI, serum TFF2 levels may predict the advanced severity of SPEM. Elevated serum TFF2 levels may indicate severe H. pylori-related inflammation, at risk of development or progression of SPEM in relatives without CGI.

Spasmolytic polypeptide‐expressing metaplasia associated with higher expressions of miR‐21, 155, and 223 can be regressed by Helicobacter pylori eradication in the gastric cancer familial relatives

“…The specimens from each topographic site were reviewed in a blinded manner by the pathologist according to the modified updated Sydney system, including the acute inflammation score (score: 0‐3), chronic inflation score (score: 1‐3), and H pylori density (score: 0‐5) in each topographic gastric specimen. The presence of the corpus‐predominant gastritis index (CGI), highly correlated to SPEM, was defined according to the same criteria set forth in our previous studies …”

“…The study was performed using mouse anti‐human TFF2 antibody (GE16C; Leica Biosystem Newcastle Ltd, Newcastle, UK) and a commercial kit (NovoLink Polymer Detection System; Leica Biosystem Newcastle Ltd). The details of the staining process were the same as in our previous article …”

“…SPEM may be another preneoplastic metaplasia and is considered a potential early event in the cascade leading to the development of gastric cancer . Because of higher occurrence of precancerous lesions in the relatives of patients with H pylori ‐related gastric cancer, the familial relatives of patients with gastric cancer are at high risk of gastric carcinogenesis . It is thus of importance to screen for H pylori infection and its associated precursor conditions of gastric cancer to reduce the risk of developing gastric cancer in familial relatives of gastric cancer patients.…”

“…However, little is known about SPEM prevalence and distribution in this high GC risk group. In addition, the reversibility of SPEM by Helicobacter pylori eradication remains uncertain …”

The corpus‐predominant gastritis index can be an early and reversible marker to identify the gastric cancer risk of Helicobacter pylori‐infected nonulcer dyspepsia

“…In each patient, five gastric mucosal biopsies, two from the antrum (greater and lesser curvature, 2 cm within the pylorus, respectively), two from the corpus (greater and lesser curvature, near incisura angularis, respectively), and one from the lesser curvature of the high corpus close to the cardiac, were obtained. 32 Based on the extent and topographical features of the histology, the histological findings were translated into the Operative Link for Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) and the Operative Link on Gastric H. pylori-related histological features were assessed using the modified updated Sydney system, including the acute inflammation score (range: 0-3), chronic inflammation score (range: 1-3), H. pylori density (range: 0-5), atrophic change (absence: 0; presence: score 1-3), and intestinal metaplasia (absence: 0; presence: score 1-3).…”