Serum level and placental expression of resistin in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia: relationship with disease severity

Abstract

The authors aimed to compare the maternal serum level and placental expression of resistin in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and clarify their relationship with disease severity. This cross-sectional study included 50 healthy pregnant women, 50 women with mild preeclampsia, and 48 women with severe preeclampsia. Serum resistin levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay and placental resistin expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Resistin levels were significantly higher in women with mild and severe preeclampsia than in the healthy controls (p = 0.012 and p < 0.001, respectively). Placental resistin expression was significantly higher in women with severe preeclampsia compared to women with mild preeclampsia (p = 0.003) and healthy controls (p < 0.001). Serum resistin levels were positively correlated with gestational age and umbilical and uterine artery Doppler indices, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but negatively correlated with birth weight (p < 0.05). On the other hand, placental resistin expression was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and uterine artery indices, but negatively correlated with birth weight (p < 0.05). In conclusion, increased circulating levels and placental expression of resistin in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia were correlated with disease severity.

Association Between Circulating Resistin Level and Preeclampsia: A Meta-Analysis

“…The diagnostic criteria for PE were consistent with the guidelines set forth by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) in 2002 in six studies 18 20 22 25 26 32 , with the criteria established by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (ISSHP) in 2001 in seven studies 19 27 28 29 30 31 33 , and with the revised ACOG criteria in 2013 in three studies 21 23 24 . Blood sampling was before the diagnosis of PE in five studies 19 21 22 30 33 , and after the diagnosis of PE in the other eleven studies 18 20 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 . The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure blood resistin in 11 studies 18 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 30 31 , while other methods such as the radioimmunoassay 29 , the multiplex microsphere analysis 24 25 32 , and the Luminex xMAP technology 33 were also used in the other studies.…”

“…Blood sampling was before the diagnosis of PE in five studies 19 21 22 30 33 , and after the diagnosis of PE in the other eleven studies 18 20 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 31 32 . The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure blood resistin in 11 studies 18 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 30 31 , while other methods such as the radioimmunoassay 29 , the multiplex microsphere analysis 24 25 32 , and the Luminex xMAP technology 33 were also used in the other studies. Maternal age and GA of blood sampling were matched between women with and without PE in all of the included studies, while BMI was matched in 11 studies 18 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 31 32 33 y.…”

“…The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure blood resistin in 11 studies 18 19 20 21 22 23 26 27 28 30 31 , while other methods such as the radioimmunoassay 29 , the multiplex microsphere analysis 24 25 32 , and the Luminex xMAP technology 33 were also used in the other studies. Maternal age and GA of blood sampling were matched between women with and without PE in all of the included studies, while BMI was matched in 11 studies 18 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 31 32 33 y. Overall, the studies incorporated in the analysis were awarded a score of seven or nine stars on the NOS, signifying a high level of study quality (refer to Table 2 ).…”

“…An overview of the study characteristics is provided in Table 1 . Overall, 16 observational studies, included seven case-control studies 20 21 25 26 28 30 32 , five cross-sectional studies 18 24 27 29 31 , and four prospective studies 19 22 23 33 were available for the meta-analysis. These studies were conducted in China 20 26 , Norway 18 29 , Italy 27 , Korea 28 , the United Kingdom 19 , Denmark 30 , Turkey 31 , Venezuela 32 , Ghana 21 , United States 25 33 , Egypt 23 , Serbia 22 , and Mexico 24 , and published between 2005 and 2022.…”

“…Nevertheless, investigations examining the correlation between blood resistin and PE have produced conflicting outcomes [17]. While certain studies have reported an increase in the circulating resistin levels of women with PE compared to those without the condition [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], others have failed to yield consistent findings [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Consequently, this study undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the circulating resistin levels in women with PE.…”